Enhanced Proton Conduction with Low Oxygen Vacancy Concentration and Favorable Hydration for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Cathode

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs), as an efficient energy storage and conversion device, have great potential to solve the serious problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. Improving the proton conductivity of the promising cathode materials is an effective solution to promote the widespread application of PCFCs at low temperatures (450-650 °C). Herein, considering the high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of BaCoO