Association between the CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 polymorphisms and cancer risk: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Previously published data on the association between CYP3A4 A392G and CYP3A5 Met235Thr polymorphisms and the risk of cancer remained controversial. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between cancer susceptibility and CYP3A4 A392G (18,629 cases and 22,323 controls from 49 studies) and CYP3A5 Met235Thr polymorphisms (14,334 cases and 18,183 from 39 studies) in different inheritance models. We used odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals to assess the strength of the association. Overall, significant association was found between CYP3A4 A392G polymorphism and cancer susceptibility (dominant model, odds ratio (OR) = 1.19; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.38). In the further stratified and sensitivity analyses, significant increased prostate cancer risk was found among Caucasians (dominant model, OR = 1.88; 95 % CI = 1.20–2.95; recessive model, OR = 2.10; 95 % CI = 1.23–3.60; additive model, OR = 1.80, 95 % CI = 1.24–2.63; homozygous model, OR = 2.34, 95 % CI = 1.36–4.03; heterozygote model, OR = 1.79, 95 % CI = 1.11–2.89) for CYP3A4 A392G. For CYP3A5 Met235Thr polymorphism, no significant association was found among overall analysis and any subgroup analysis. In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that CYP3A4 A392G polymorphism is associated with increased prostate cancer risk among Caucasians and CYP3A5 Met235Thr polymorphism is not associated with the risk of cancer.