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Alterations in gills of Lepomis gibbosus, after acute exposure to several xenobiotics (pesticide, detergent and pharmaceuticals): morphometric and biochemical evaluation
- Source :
- Drug and chemical toxicology. 38(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- In recent decades, scientific research about the effects of anthropogenic xenobiotics on non-target organisms has increased. Among the likely effects, some studies reported the evaluation of biochemical and morphological changes in specific tissues or organs of fishes, such as gills, which are key organs for the direct action of pollutants in the aquatic environment. This work intended to assess biochemical [oxidative stress/phase II conjugation isoenzymes glutathione S-transferase (GSTs)] and morphological [secondary lamellar length (SLL), secondary lamellar width (SLW), interlamellar distance (ID), basal epithelial thickness (BET) and proportion of the secondary lamellae available for gas exchange (PAGE)] changes in gills, after acute exposure to the pesticide chlorfenvinphos, the detergent sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) and to the anticholinesterasic pharmaceuticals (neostigmine and pyridostigmine). Our results point to a significant, eventually hormetic, effect in the activity of GSTs following exposure to chlorfenvinphos that significantly increased the activity of GSTs at concentration of 0.2 mg/L. The activity of GSTs increased significantly after exposure to 100 mg/L of neostigmine. Considering the morphometric analysis of the gills, the data obtained showed that chlorfenvinphos exerted mainly minor architectural alterations in gills, with the exception of the highest tested concentration of chlorfenvinphos that produced also a slight decrease of the PAGE. The overall conclusions point to a null or negligible toxicity of the selected toxicants towards L. gibbosus, which may be reverted if exposure is withdrawn.
- Subjects :
- Gill
Gills
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Detergents
Biology
Toxicology
medicine.disease_cause
Isozyme
Xenobiotics
chemistry.chemical_compound
medicine
Animals
Pesticides
Glutathione Transferase
Pharmacology
Chemical Health and Safety
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Hormesis
Chlorfenvinphos
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
General Medicine
Glutathione
Pesticide
Neostigmine
Perciformes
Oxidative Stress
chemistry
Biochemistry
Environmental chemistry
Xenobiotic
Oxidative stress
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Pyridostigmine Bromide
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15256014
- Volume :
- 38
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Drug and chemical toxicology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....659f2d7ebcfe1e2af71c0ac32ed00349