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Arterial structure and function in inflammatory bowel disease
- Source :
- World Journal of Gastroenterology. 21:11304
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., 2015.
-
Abstract
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the result of a combination of environmental, genetic and immunologic factors that trigger an uncontrolled immune response within the intestine, which results in inflammation among genetically predisposed individuals. Several studies have reported that the prevalence of classic cardiovascular risk factors is lower among subjects with IBD than in the general population, including obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, given the risk profile of IBD subjects, the expected cardiovascular morbidity and mortality should be lower in these patients than in the general population. However, this is not the case because the standardized mortality ratio is not reduced and the risk of coronary heart disease is increased in patients with IBD. It is reasonable to hypothesize that other factors not considered in the classical stratification of cardiovascular risk may be involved in these subjects. Therefore, IBD may be a useful model with which to evaluate the effects of chronic low-grade inflammation in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Arterial stiffness is both a marker of subclinical target organ damage and a cardiovascular risk factor. In diseases characterized by chronic systemic inflammation, there is evidence that the inflammation affects arterial properties and induces both endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. It has been reported that decreasing inflammation via anti tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy decreases arterial stiffness and restores endothelial function in patients with chronic inflammatory disorders. Consistent with these results, several recent studies have been conducted to determine whether arterial properties are altered among patients with IBD. In this review, we discuss the evidence pertaining to arterial structure and function and present the available data regarding arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with IBD.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Pathology
Population
Arterial stiffness
Ulcerative colitis
Pulse wave velocity
Crohn's disease
Inflammation
Tumour necrosis factor alpha
Systemic inflammation
Risk Assessment
Inflammatory bowel disease
Gastroenterology
Vascular Stiffness
Crohn Disease
Risk Factors
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Topic Highlight
Endothelial dysfunction
Risk factor
education
education.field_of_study
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
business.industry
Arteries
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Cardiovascular Diseases
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation Mediators
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10079327
- Volume :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- World Journal of Gastroenterology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....65009ee266a9d667d16b5cf10f614740