Back to Search
Start Over
Clinical and epidemiological descriptions from trichinellosis outbreaks in Bulgaria
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Bulgaria is one of European countries where trichinellosis continues to be regularly diagnosed and registered. The clinical and epidemiological features of 72 cases of trichinellosis associated with five outbreaks caused by Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi between 2009 and 2011, are described. At hospital admission, patients were often initially treated with antibiotics, without any improvement. A range of signs and symptoms were recorded, including: myalgia, elevated temperature, arthralgia, difficulty with movement, facial oedema, conjunctival hyperaemia, ocular haemorrhages, diarrhoea, skin rash, headache, and fatigue. Due to the variable clinical course of the disease, the diagnostic process for trichinellosis is often complex and difficult. This means the diagnosis may be established late for an appropriate treatment, potentially leading to a severe course of the disease with complications. Laboratory abnormalities were expressed by marked eosinophilia (97.2%), leucocytosis (70.8%), elevated serum creatine phosphokinase levels (82%), and antibody-positive results by ELISA and indirect hemagglutination. Patients were treated with albendazole (Zentel) 10 mg/kg for 7–10 days. In two outbreaks, the aetiological agent was T. spiralis, in one outbreak T. britovi, and an unknown Trichinella species in the fourth outbreak. The sources of infection were domestic pigs, probably fed with scraps and offal of wild game. In one outbreak, T. spiralis was also detected in brown rats trapped close to where the pig had been raised in the backyard. These epidemiological factors are relevant in considering implementation of targeted control programmes.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
myalgia
Male
Swine
Epidemiology
Trichinella
Sus scrofa
Disease Outbreaks
0302 clinical medicine
Trichinella britovi
Eosinophilia
Child
Bulgaria
Creatine Kinase
Swine Diseases
biology
Trichinellosis
General Medicine
030108 mycology & parasitology
Middle Aged
Rash
Meat Products
Infectious Diseases
Female
medicine.symptom
Ursidae
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Meat
Adolescent
030231 tropical medicine
Immunology
Trichinella spiralis
Antiprotozoal Agents
Albendazole
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
Humans
Aged
Outbreaks
Outbreak
biology.organism_classification
Rats
Treatment
Etiology
Parasitology
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....64aed45f93ea01b04fb1ac879f4d1011