Back to Search
Start Over
Los indigenismos iberoamericanos en eslovaco
- Source :
- Ars & Humanitas, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 104-123 (2017), Ars et humanitas
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani (Ljubljana University Press, Faculy of Arts), 2017.
-
Abstract
- The article examines the presence of loanwords of Amerindian origin in Slovak, in which Spanish (or Portuguese) acted as the first European intermediate language for all the other European languages. The criteria for their inclusion are presented, and an exhaustive corpus of all such loanwords found in selected prestigious works of Slovak lexicography is thus formed. The total number of entries is 106. These are then analysed and classified in terms of assimilation processes: regularized and most frequent changes on different levels are shown; origin: almost four fifths of the corpus comes from four major sources (Tupi-Guarani languages Quechua, Arawakan languages and Nahuatl); thematic area (an absolute prevalence of specific New World geographical features and botanical and animal species unknown in Europe); chronology of occurrence (the first being the word čokoláda "chocolate", the earliest written occurrence of which dates from 1691) and semantic development in the Slovak language, which does not have a parallel in Spanish. Moreover, the process of borrowing Amerindian loanwords has not finished. In today's connected and globalized world we can observe new loanwords that do not yet appear in dictionaries, although they have already settled in the Slovak lexicon. These usually refer to gastronomic or religious concepts. Prispevek preučuje prisotnost izposojenk, ki izvirajo iz jezikov ameriških Indijancev, v slovaščini, pri kateri je španščina (ali portugalščina), prav tako kot pri drugih evropskih jezikih, pri prevzemanju besed delovala kot prvi evropski vmesni jezik. Avtor določi kriterije za izbiro besed in oblikuje izčrpen korpus vseh tovrstnih izposojenk, ki se pojavljajo v izbranih uglednih delih slovaškega slovaropisja. Skupno je gesel 106. Nato jih prouči in razvrsti glede na njihov proces prilikovanja ter pri tem opiše ustaljene in najpogostejše spremembe na različnih ravneh: izvor - skoraj štiri petine korpusa izvira iz štirih glavnih virov (skupine tupijsko-gvaranskih jezikov, jezika kečua, aravakanskih jezikov in jezika náhuatl); tematsko področje (popolna prevlada specifičnih geografskih značilnosti Novega sveta ter v Evropi nepoznanih botaničnih in živalskih vrst); kronologijo pojavitve (prva je bila beseda čokoláda "čokolada", ki se je v pisni obliki prvič pojavila leta 1691) in semantični razvoj v slovaškem jeziku, ki v španščini nima vzporednic. Proces izposojanja besed iz jezikov ameriških Indijancev se še ni končal. V današnjem povezanem in globaliziranem svetu lahko opazujemo nove izposojenke, ki v slovarjih sicer še niso zavedene, vendar so se kljub temu ustalile v slovaškem besedišču. Ponavadi gre za gastronomske izraze in verske pojme.
- Subjects :
- Nahuatl
Intermediate language
History
eslovaco
General Arts and Humanities
lcsh:Literature (General)
indigenismo
lcsh:PN1-6790
Lexicon
lenguas amerindias
lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
language.human_language
Linguistics
Lexicography
creación semántica
Assimilation (phonology)
lcsh:AZ20-999
language
español
Slovak
Portuguese
cronología
Animal species
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- German
- ISSN :
- 23504218 and 18549632
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Ars & Humanitas
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....63f533299fc4ee825b378c16ac0f0c34