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Staphylococcus epidermidis Boosts Innate Immune Response by Activation of Gamma Delta T Cells and Induction of Perforin-2 in Human Skin
- Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2020.
-
Abstract
- Perforin-2 (P-2) is an antimicrobial protein with unique properties to kill intracellular bacteria. Gamma delta (GD) T cells, as the major T cell population in epithelial tissues, play a central role in protective and pathogenic immune responses in the skin. However, the tissue-specific mechanisms that control the innate immune response and the effector functions of GD T cells, especially the cross-talk with commensal organisms, are not very well understood. We hypothesized that the most prevalent skin commensal microorganism, Staphylococcus epidermidis, may play a role in regulating GD T cell-mediated cutaneous responses. We analyzed antimicrobial protein P-2 expression in human skin at a single cell resolution using an amplified fluorescence in situ hybridization approach to detect P-2 mRNA in combination with immunophenotyping. We show that S. epidermidis activates GD T cells and upregulates P-2 in human skin ex vivo in a cell-specific manner. Furthermore, P-2 upregulation following S. epidermidis stimulation correlates with increased ability of skin cells to kill intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. Our findings are the first to reveal that skin commensal bacteria induce P-2 expression, which may be utilized beneficially to modulate host innate immune responses and protect from skin infections.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
T cell
Population
Immunology
Human skin
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
perforin-2/mpeg-1
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
Staphylococcus epidermidis
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
gamma delta T cells
education
innate immunity
Original Research
education.field_of_study
Innate immune system
Intracellular parasite
biology.organism_classification
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Staphylococcus aureus
cytotoxicity
human skin
lcsh:RC581-607
030215 immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16643224
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....62de631338eabb9679de79e7ae93126a