Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: a dichotomous role in cardiac remodeling following acute myocardial infarction in man?

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is elevated after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and potentiates left ventricular (LV) remodeling in murine models of AMI. We examined the relationships between serum MCP-1, change in LV function and biomarkers related to remodeling in a cohort of AMI patients.Serum MCP-1 concentrations were measured in 100 patients (age 58.9+/-12.0 years, 77% male) admitted with AMI and LV dysfunction, at baseline (mean 46 h), 12 and 24 weeks; cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and measurement of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-3 and MMP-9 occurred at each time-point.MCP-1 increased significantly from 697 [483, 997]pg/mL at baseline to 878 [678, 1130]pg/mL at 24 weeks (p0.001). MMP-3 concentration increased while MMP-9 decreased significantly over time; MMP-2 concentration did not change significantly. BASELINE MCP-1 correlated with change in (Delta) LV end-systolic volume index (DeltaLVESVI; r= -0.48, p=0.01) and with DeltaLV ejection fraction (DeltaLVEF; r=0.50, p=0.02). However, DeltaMCP-1 correlated positively with DeltaLVESVI (r=0.40, p=0.006) and negatively with DeltaLVEF (r= -0.36, p=0.004). MCP-1 had no relationship with any MMP.MCP-1 may have a dichotomous role following AMI, aiding early infarct healing but potentiating later remodeling, which merits further study before any therapeutic trials of MCP-1 modulation in humans.