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Hepatitis B virus genotypes A1, A2 and E in Cape Verde: Unequal distribution through the islands and association with human flows
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 2, p e0192595 (2018)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity has not been previously studied in Cape Verde. The archipelago was discovered in 1460 by Portuguese explorers, who brought African slaves to colonise the islands. In this study, we investigated the HBV characteristics from 183 HBsAg-positive Cape Verdean individuals. Phylogenetic analysis of the pre-S/S region and the full-length genomes revealed 54 isolates with HBV/A1 (57%), 21 with HBV/A2 (22%), 19 with HBV/E (20%), and one with HBV/D (1%). HBV genotypes and subgenotypes were unequally distributed through the islands. In São Vicente, the main northern island, most isolates (84%) belonged to the African-originated HBV/A1, with the remaining isolates belonging to HBV/A2, which is prevalent in Europe. Interestingly, the HBV/A1 isolates from São Vicente were closely related to Brazilian sequences into the Asian-American clade, which suggests the dissemination of common African ancestors through slave trade. In contrast, in Santiago and nearby southern islands, where a recent influx from different populations circulates, a higher diversity of HBV was observed: HBV/A1 (40%); HBV/E (32%); HBV/A2 (28%); and HBV/D (1%). HBV/E is a recent genotype disseminated in Africa that was absent in the era of the slave trade. African and European human flows at different times of the history may explain the HBV diversity in Cape Verde. The possible origin and specifics of each HBV genotype circulating in Cape Verde are discussed.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
Topography
lcsh:Medicine
medicine.disease_cause
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Geographical locations
Database and Informatics Methods
0302 clinical medicine
Cape
Genotype
Cabo Verde
Ethnicities
lcsh:Science
Clade
Child
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Data Management
Islands
Cape Verde
Multidisciplinary
geography.geographical_feature_category
Geography
virus diseases
Phylogenetic Analysis
Hepatitis B
Medical microbiology
Phylogenetics
Phylogeography
Biogeography
Archipelago
Viruses
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Female
Pathogens
Sequence Analysis
Research Article
Adult
Computer and Information Sciences
Hepatitis B virus
Adolescent
Bioinformatics
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Cape verde
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Genetics
Humans
Evolutionary Systematics
DNA sequence analysis
Taxonomy
Hepatitis
Medicine and health sciences
African People
geography
Landforms
Evolutionary Biology
Population Biology
lcsh:R
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Viral pathogens
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Geomorphology
medicine.disease
Virology
digestive system diseases
Hepatitis viruses
Microbial pathogens
030104 developmental biology
Africa
Earth Sciences
lcsh:Q
Population Groupings
People and places
Sequence Alignment
Population Genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5fb8a36022bfc65ae6cbae28a7e703ad