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Are multi-contrast magnetic resonance images necessary for segmenting multiple sclerosis brains? A large cohort study based on deep learning
- Source :
- Magn Reson Imaging
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2020.
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance images with multiple contrasts or sequences are commonly used for segmenting brain tissues, including lesions, in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, acquisition of images with multiple contrasts increases the scan time and complexity of the analysis, possibly introducing factors that could compromise segmentation quality. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of various combinations of multi-contrast images as input on the segmented volumes of gray (GM) and white matter (WM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and lesions using a deep neural network. METHODS: U-net, a fully convolutional neural network was used to automatically segment GM, WM, CSF, and lesions in 1000 MS patients. The input to the network consisted of 15 combinations of FLAIR, T1-, T2-, and proton density-weighted images. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was evaluated to assess the segmentation performance. For lesions, true positive rate (TPR) and false positive rate (FPR) were also evaluated. In addition, the effect of lesion size on lesion segmentation was investigated. RESULTS: Highest DSC was observed for all the tissue volumes, including lesions, when the input was combination of all four image contrasts. All other input combinations that included FLAIR also provided high DSC for all tissue classes. However, the quality of lesion segmentation showed strong dependence on the input images. The DSC and TPR values for inputs with the four contrast combination and FLAIR alone were very similar, but FLAIR showed a moderately higher FPR for lesion size < 100 μl. For lesions smaller than 20 μl all image combinations resulted in poor performance. The segmentation quality improved with lesion size. CONCLUSIONS: Best performance for segmented tissue volumes was obtained with all four image contrasts as the input, and comparable performance was attainable with FLAIR only as the input, albeit with a moderate increase in FPR for small lesions. This implies that acquisition of only FLAIR images provides satisfactory tissue segmentation. Lesion segmentation was poor for very small lesions and improved rapidly with lesion size.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Multiple Sclerosis
Biomedical Engineering
Biophysics
Contrast Media
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
Convolutional neural network
Article
030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging
Cohort Studies
White matter
Lesion
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Deep Learning
0302 clinical medicine
Double-Blind Method
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
medicine
Humans
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Segmentation
Prospective Studies
Mathematics
Brain Mapping
medicine.diagnostic_test
Multiple sclerosis
Brain
Magnetic resonance imaging
Image Enhancement
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
medicine.anatomical_structure
Female
Neural Networks, Computer
False positive rate
medicine.symptom
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Biomedical engineering
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0730725X
- Volume :
- 65
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5eeb48d98f4214a6c1857c5f1ebf5924