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Characterization, tissue distribution, and regulation of agouti-related protein (AgRP), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
- Source :
- General and Comparative Endocrinology. 162:160-171
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2009.
-
Abstract
- Key peptide hormones involved in the control of appetite in vertebrates were identified, their genes characterized and their regulation studied in Atlantic salmon: two agouti-related proteins (AgRP), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). The AgRP-1 and AgRP-2 genes encode prepro-proteins of 142- and 117-amino acids, respectively. The deduced AgRP-2 protein has 10 cysteine residues in the C-terminal polycysteine domain, while the AgRP-1 lacks the 6th and 7th cysteine residues observed in other species. AgRP-1 was principally expressed in the pituitary and skin, while AgRP-2 was highly expressed in the mid-gut, red muscle and gonads. The CART gene, encoding 118-amino acids, was strongly expressed in the brain and eye. In addition to salmon CART, we identified three to six variants of the CART gene in lower vertebrates by mining available databases. The salmon NPY gene, encoding 100-amino acids, was mainly expressed in the brain and eye. AgRP-1 and CART mRNA levels in the brain decreased after 6 days of fasting while AgRP-2 and NPY showed no significant change, suggesting that AgRP-1 and CART are involved in feeding regulation in Atlantic salmon. The identification of multiple variants of these appetite-regulating genes emphasizes the importance to further investigate the complex regulation of these genes.
- Subjects :
- Fish Proteins
Cart
medicine.medical_specialty
media_common.quotation_subject
Molecular Sequence Data
Salmo salar
Neuropeptide
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Biology
Peptide hormone
Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript
Evolution, Molecular
Endocrinology
Internal medicine
mental disorders
medicine
Animals
Agouti-Related Protein
Neuropeptide Y
Amino Acid Sequence
Cloning, Molecular
Salmo
Gene
Phylogeny
media_common
Base Sequence
digestive, oral, and skin physiology
Appetite
Neuropeptide Y receptor
biology.organism_classification
Gene Expression Regulation
nervous system
Animal Science and Zoology
Sequence Alignment
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00166480
- Volume :
- 162
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- General and Comparative Endocrinology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5e6f33f41fee2c0a4a83bee7e95eb24b