Toxomerus duplicatus

Toxomerus duplicatus (Wiedemann, 1830), doubtful record Syrphus duplicatus Wiedemann, 1830: 142 Mesogramma duplicata Schiner, 1868: 350 * Mesogramma duplicatus Curran, 1926d: 114 * Syrphus ochrogaster Thomson, 1869: 494 * Mesograpta duplicata van der Wulp, 1883: 4 * Type locality and data. “ Uruguay, Montevideo ” (HT, ♂, ♀, NMW). Material examined. No individuals were reviewed. Tarapacá (Thompson & Thompson 2006). References. Wiedemann, 1830: 142 (desc.); Walker, 1852: 240 (desc.); Thomson, 1869: 494 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 313 (cat. & n. comb.); Lynch Arribálzaga, 1892: 52 (key); Kertész, 1910: 131 (cat.). Schiner, 1868: 350 (n. comb.); Curran, 1926b: 114 (key); Curran, 1930a: 4 (key); Curran, 1934: 401 (key); Hull, 1941a: 312 (descr.); Sack, 1941: 97 (cat.); Hull, 1943b: 10 (n. comb.); Hull, 1943b: 14, 18 (key & desc.). Hull, 1943b: 23 (descr.); Hull, 1943b: 32 (ill.); Hull, 1943b: 6, 32 (key & ill.); Fluke, 1956: 218–219, 221, 232 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 59 (dist.); Thompson et al., 1976: 48, 50, 56 (n. comb & cat.), syn. nov.; Thompson & Thompson, 2006: 322 (desc.); Borges & Couri, 2009: 31 (desc. & syn.). World distribution. Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Chile. Chilean distribution. Unknown. Altitudinal range. Unknown. Biology and notes. Toxomerus duplicatus is a native species probably associated with crops in transverse valleys and ravines.A specimen identified as T. duplicatus in the MNHNCL is an individual belonging to Allograpta hortensis. Throughout this study we did not find museum specimens or collected specimens of this species. Thus, there is not enough evidence for the species to actually occur in Chile and it should be considered as a doubtful record. Conservation status. Not evaluated because this species is a doubtful record for Chile.
Published as part of Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4959 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4693464
{"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hammburg, 684 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14603","Schiner, I. R. (1868) Diptera. In: von Wullerstorf-Urbair, B. (Ed.), Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859, unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. K. Gerold, Vienna, pp. 1 - 388.","Curran, C. H. (1926 d) Appendix. New Diptera from Jamaica. In: Gowdey, C. C., 1826, Catalogus insectorum jamaicensis. Entomological Bulletin of Departament of Agriculture of Jamaica, 4 (1 / 2), pp. 1 - 114.","Thomson, C. G. (1869) Diptera, Species nova descripsit. In: Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien, K. (Ed.), Kongligas venska fregatten Eugeniesresaom kringjorden. Pt. 2. Zoologie. 1. Insekter. P. A. Norstedt & Suner, Stockhom, pp. 443 - 614.","Wulp, F. M. van Dek (1883) Amerikaansche Diptera (1882 - 1883). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 26, 1 - 60.","Thompson, F. C. & Thompson, B. J. (2006) A new Toxomerus species from Chile (Diptera, Syrphidae). Studia Dipterologica, 13, 317 - 331.","Walker, F. (1852) Diptera. In: Saunders, W. W. (Ed.), InsectaSaundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Saunders, Esq., F. R. S., F. L. S. & c. Vol. 1. Van Voorst, London, pp. 157 - 414.","Williston, S. W. (1886) Catalog of the described species of South American Syrphidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 14, 308 - 324. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076478","Kertesz, K. (1910) Catalogus dipterorum hucusque descriptorum. Vol. 7. G. Engelmann Budapestini, 470 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5141","Curran, C. H. (1926 b) Notes on Wiedemann's types of Syrphidae. Canadian Entomologist, 58, 111 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 58111 - 5","Curran, C. H. (1930 a) New Diptera belonging to the Genus Mesogramma Loew (Syrphidae). American Museum Novitates, 405, 1 - 14.","Curran, C. H. (1934) Diptera of Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 66, 287 - 532.","Hull, F. M. (1941 a) Some new species of Syrphidae. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 14, 61 - 63.","Sack, P. (1941) Syrphidae (Dipt.). In: Titschack, E. (Eds.), Beitragezur Fauna Perus. Band 1. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 97 - 120 pp. [reprinted as Sack, P (1951) Syrphidae (Dipt.). In: Titschack, E. (Eds.), Beitragezur Fauna Perus. Band 2. Gustav Fischer, Jena, pp. 93 - 116].","Hull, F. M. (1943 b) The genus Ceriogaster Williston (Syrphidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 12, 138 - 140.","Etcheverry, M. (1963) Descripciones originales, sinonimia y distribucion geografica de las especies de la familia Syrphidae (Diptera) en Chile. Publicaciones del Centro de Estudios Entomologicos, 5, 1 - 144.","Thompson, F. C, Vockeroth, J. R. & Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898","Borges, Z. M. & Couri, M. S. (2009) Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species. Zootaxa, 2179 (1), 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2179.1.1"]}