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The effect of new bovine viral diarrhea virus introduction on somatic cell count, calving interval, culling, and calf mortality of dairy herds in the Dutch bovine viral diarrhea virus–free program
- Source :
- Journal of Dairy Science, 104(9), 10217. Elsevier Limited, Journal of Dairy Science 104 (2021) 9, Journal of Dairy Science, 104(9), 10217-10231
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection has a major effect on the health of cows and consequently on herd performance. Many countries have implemented control or eradication programs to mitigate BVDV infection and its negative effects. These negative effects of BVDV infection on dairy herds are well documented, but there is much less information about the effects of new introduction of BVDV on dairy herds already participating in a BVDV control program. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of a new BVDV introduction in BVDV-free herds participating in the Dutch BVDV-free program on herd performance. Longitudinal herd-level surveillance data were combined with herd information data to create 4 unique data sets, including a monthly test-day somatic cell count (SCC) data set, annual calving interval (CIV) and culling risk (CR) data sets, and a quarterly calf mortality rate (CMR) data set. Each database contained 2 types of herds: herds that remained BVDV free during the whole study period (defined as free herds), and herds that lost their BVDV-free status during the study period (defined as breakdown herds). The date of losing the BVDV-free status was defined as breakdown date. To compare breakdown herds with free herds, a random breakdown date was artificially generated for free herds by simple random sampling from the distribution of the breakdown month of the breakdown herds. The SCC and CIV before and after a new introduction of BVDV were compared through linear mixed-effects models with a Gaussian distribution, and the CR and CMR were modeled using a negative binomial distribution in generalized linear mixed-effects models. The explanatory variables for all models included herd type, BVDV status, year, and a random herd effect. Herd size was included as an explanatory variable in the SCC, CIV, and CMR model. Season was included as an explanatory variable in the SCC and CMR model. Results showed that free herds have lower SCC, CR, CMR, and shorter CIV than the breakdown herds. Within the breakdown herds, the new BVDV introduction affected the SCC and CMR. In the year after BVDV introduction, the SCC was higher than that in the year before BVDV introduction, with a factor of 1.011 [2.5th to 97.5th percentile (95% PCTL): 1.002, 1.020]. Compared with the year before BVDV breakdown, the CMR in the year of breakdown and the year after breakdown was higher, with factors of 1.170 (95% PCTL: 1.120; 1.218) and 1.096 (95% PCTL: 1.048; 1.153), respectively. This study reveals that a new introduction of BVDV had a negative but on average relatively small effect on herd performance in herds participating in a BVDV control program.
- Subjects :
- Diarrhea
Veterinary medicine
viruses
animal diseases
Bedrijfseconomie
Cattle Diseases
Cell Count
WASS
Culling
Biology
Virus
Herd immunity
03 medical and health sciences
Business Economics
Calving interval
Taverne
Genetics
Animals
control program
Viral diarrhea
030304 developmental biology
calving interval
0303 health sciences
culling
Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral
somatic cell count
Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral
0402 animal and dairy science
virus diseases
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
040201 dairy & animal science
bovine viral diarrhea virus
Herd
Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease
Cattle
Female
Calf mortality
Animal Science and Zoology
Somatic cell count
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00220302
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Dairy Science, 104(9), 10217. Elsevier Limited, Journal of Dairy Science 104 (2021) 9, Journal of Dairy Science, 104(9), 10217-10231
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5dc1fa016c777621f2237a148611eb02