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Volume, metabolites and neuroinflammation of the hippocampus in bipolar disorder - A combined magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography study
- Source :
- Brain Behavior & Immunity, 56, 21-33. Academic Press, Brain behavior and immunity, 56, 21-33. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: The hippocampus is one of the brain regions that is involved in several pathophysiological theories about bipolar disorder (BD), such as the neuroinflammation theory and the corticolimbic metabolic dysregulation theory. We compared hippocampal volume and hippocampal metabolites in bipolar I disorder (BD-I) patients versus healthy controls (HCs) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). We post hoc investigated whether hippocampal volume and hippocampal metabolites were associated with microglial activation and explored if potential illness modifying factors affected these hippocampal measurements and whether these were associated with experienced mood and functioning.Materials and methods: Twenty-two BD-I patients and twenty-four HCs were included in the analyses. All subjects underwent psychiatric interviews as well as an MRI scan, including a T1 scan and PRESS magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Volumetric analysis was performed with Freesurfer. MRS quantification was performed with LC Model. A subgroup of 14 patients and 11 HCs also underwent a successful [C-11]-(R)PK11195 neuroinflammation positron emission tomography scan.Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, hippocampal volumes were not decreased in patients compared to HC after correcting for individual whole-brain volume variations. We demonstrated decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) + N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) and creatine (Cr) + phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations in the left hippocampus. In the explorative analyses in the left hippocampus we identified positive associations between microglial activation and the NAA + NAAG concentration, between alcohol use and NM + NAAG concentration, between microglial activation and the depression score and a negative relation between Cr + PCr concentration and experienced occupational disability. Duration of illness associated positively with volume bilaterally.Conclusion: Compared to HCs, the decreased NAA + NAAG concentration in the left hippocampus of BD-I patients suggests a decreased neuronal integrity in this region. In addition we found a positive relation between microglial activation and neuronal integrity in vivo, corresponding to a differentiated microglial function where some microglia induce apoptosis while others stimulate neurogenesis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Subjects :
- Male
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Bipolar I disorder
Hippocampus
Hippocampal formation
Multimodal Imaging
Behavioral Neuroscience
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Neuroinflammation
I DISORDER
1ST-DEGREE RELATIVES
Carbon Radioisotopes
BRAIN
medicine.diagnostic_test
biology
CREATINE-KINASE
Middle Aged
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Positron emission tomography
Female
Microglia
EUTHYMIC PATIENTS
MRI
Adult
Morphology
MRS
medicine.medical_specialty
Bipolar disorder
Immunology
Phosphocreatine
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Internal medicine
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
LITHIUM
METAANALYSIS
Aged
Inflammation
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
business.industry
Magnetic resonance imaging
SYNAPTIC FUNCTION
Isoquinolines
MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION
medicine.disease
030227 psychiatry
PET
Endocrinology
ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS
nervous system
chemistry
Positron-Emission Tomography
biology.protein
Creatine kinase
business
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08891591
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Behavior & Immunity, 56, 21-33. Academic Press, Brain behavior and immunity, 56, 21-33. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5d9fb74957b3b3314b9ee8416903476a