Differences in Immediate Postoperative Outcomes Between Robotic-Assisted TKA and Conventional TKA

Background Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a growing technique in adult reconstruction. The variations between robotic-assisted and conventional TKA could lead to changes in immediate postoperative outcomes. We aimed to evaluate for differences in postoperative pain, discharge day, as well as post-hospital disposition (home vs subacute rehabilitation facility [SAR]) between robotic-assisted and conventional TKA. Methods We retrospectively identified 2 cohorts of patients who underwent either conventional or robotic-assisted TKA between January 2019 and July 2019. Their average pain scores from postoperative day 0, day 1, and day 2 were recorded. Their postoperative discharge day was recorded, as well as their disposition to either home or a SAR. Preoperatively, all patients are offered robotic-assisted TKA, and only those who want the procedure and undergo a preoperative CT scan receive the robotic-assisted surgery. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. Results One hundred sixty-six patients were identified with 83 in each cohort. No differences between age, race, and gender were found. Despite minor variations in pain levels, the overall postoperative pain score analysis did not strongly favor one technique over the other. The robotic-assisted group had a significantly higher amount of patients discharged to home instead of a SAR and also had a shorter time to discharge than the conventional group. Conclusions Robotic-assisted TKA has similar postoperative pain scores compared with conventional TKA. The robotic-assisted cohort demonstrated other benefits including earlier discharge and are more likely to be discharged home instead of a SAR.