Illness management and recovery in community practice

OBJECTIVE To examine provider competence in providing Illness Management and Recovery (IMR), an evidence-based self-management program for people with severe mental illness, and the association between implementation supports and IMR competence. METHOD IMR session recordings, provided by 43 providers/provider pairs, were analyzed for IMR competence using the IMR Treatment Integrity Scale. Providers also reported on receipt of commonly available implementation supports (e.g., training, consultation). RESULTS Average IMR competence scores were in the "needs improvement" range. Clinicians demonstrated low competence in several IMR elements: significant other involvement, weekly action planning, action plan follow-up, cognitive-behavioral techniques, and behavioral tailoring for medication management. These elements were commonly absent from IMR sessions. Competence in motivational enhancement strategies and cognitive-behavioral techniques differed based on the module topic covered in a session. Generally, receipt of implementation supports was not associated with increased competence; however, motivational interviewing training was associated with increased competence in action planning and review. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE IMR, as implemented in the community, may lack adequate competence and commonly available implementation supports do not appear to be adequate. Additional implementation supports that target clinician growth areas are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record