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The Effects of opioids on female fertility, pregnancy and the breastfeeding motherāinfant dyad: A Review
- Source :
- Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. 128:635-641
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Opioids cover a broad class of natural, synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs that act on opioid receptors to produce powerful analgesic effects. Rates of opioid use and opioid agonist maintenance treatment have increased substantially in recent years, particularly among women. Trends and outcomes of opioids use on fertility, pregnancy and breastfeeding, and longer-term child developmental outcomes have not been well-described. Here, we review the existing literature on the health effects of opioid use on female fertility, pregnancy, breastmilk and the exposed infant. We find that the current literature is primarily concentrated on the impact of opioid use in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, with little exploration of effects on fertility. Studies are limited in number, some with small sample sizes, and many are hampered by methodological challenges related to confounding and other potential biases. Opioid use is becoming more prevalent due to environmental pressures such as COVID-19. More research is needed to better elucidate its effects on reproductive health among younger women and support the development of evidence-based recommendations for safe prescription practices and public health messaging.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
media_common.quotation_subject
Breastfeeding
Fertility
Toxicology
030226 pharmacology & pharmacy
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Environmental health
Prevalence
Humans
Medicine
Practice Patterns, Physicians'
Reproductive health
media_common
Pharmacology
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Public health
Infant, Newborn
Opioid-Related Disorders
COVID-19
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Pregnancy Complications
Breast Feeding
Opioid
Female
business
Breast feeding
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17427843 and 17427835
- Volume :
- 128
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5d5219bcc200567fcad048748763c3b6