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T cell independent secondary antibody responses to the envelope protein of simian immunodeficiency virus
T cell independent secondary antibody responses to the envelope protein of simian immunodeficiency virus
- Source :
- Retrovirology, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 42 (2012), Retrovirology
- Publication Year :
- 2012
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2012.
-
Abstract
- Background During human (HIV) and simian (SIV) immunodeficiency virus infection, loss of CD4+ T cells and progression to AIDS are associated with a decline in antibody titers to the viral Gag protein, while antibodies to the Env protein remain high, suggesting a T cell independent antibody response to Env. Results To explore differential regulation of Gag and Env antibody responses, immunocompetent BALB/c and T cell deficient nude mice were immunized with virus like particles (VLP) of simian immunodeficiency virus or adenoviral vectors expressing SIV Gag and Env. High levels of antibodies against Gag and Env could only be induced in immunocompetent mice, but not in the immunodeficient mice. Thus, neither cells expressing Env after adenoviral gene transfer nor VLPs induce a T cell independent primary anti-Env antibody response. However, secondary B cell responses to Env, but not to Gag, were observed in immunodeficient mice after transfer of primed B cells and boosting with VLPs or adenoviral vectors expressing Gag and Env. This T cell independent secondary antibody response to Env was reduced after stimulation with VLPs modified to contain monomeric membrane bound gp130 surface subunit of Env and undetectable after injection of soluble gp130. Conclusions Membrane-bound trimeric Env seems to be responsible for the maintenance of high levels of anti-Env antibodies during progression to AIDS. This T cell independent secondary antibody response may prevent T cell-dependent affinity maturation and thus contribute to viral immune escape by favoring persistence of non-protective antibodies.
- Subjects :
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
viruses
T cell
Genetic Vectors
Immunization, Secondary
Gene Products, gag
Mice, Nude
Antibodies, Viral
medicine.disease_cause
Virus
Adenoviridae
Affinity maturation
Immunocompromised Host
Mice
Adenoviral vectors
Viral Envelope Proteins
VLP
Virology
medicine
Animals
B cell
Immune Evasion
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
B-Lymphocytes
Mice, Inbred BALB C
biology
Research
Cell Membrane
HIV
virus diseases
Simian immunodeficiency virus
Group-specific antigen
T-independent antibody response
Primary and secondary antibodies
Molecular biology
Infectious Diseases
medicine.anatomical_structure
SIV
Antibody Formation
Disease Progression
biology.protein
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Antibody
lcsh:RC581-607
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17424690
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Retrovirology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5bedc22b004424ce5c160227c4710901
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-9-42