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Cytomegalovirus disease in lung transplantation: impact of recipient seropositivity and duration of antiviral prophylaxis

Authors :
Francisco M. Marty
Hilary J. Goldberg
Spencer T. Martin
Phillip C. Camp
Lindsey R. Baden
Sarah P. Hammond
Anne L. Fuhlbrigge
Keri Roberts
Steven Gabardi
Source :
Transplant Infectious Disease. 15:163-170
Publication Year :
2012
Publisher :
Wiley, 2012.

Abstract

Background A recent randomized trial demonstrated that 1 year of antiviral prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus (CMV) after lung transplantation is superior to 3 months of treatment for prevention of CMV disease. However, it is uncertain if a shorter duration of prophylaxis might result in a similar rate of CMV disease among select lung transplant (LT) recipients who are at lower risk for CMV disease, based on baseline donor (D) and recipient (R) CMV serologies. Methods We retrospectively assessed incidence, cumulative probability, and predictors of CMV disease and viremia in LT recipients transplanted between July 2004 and December 2009 at our center, where antiviral CMV prophylaxis for 6–12 months is standard. Results Of 129 LT recipients, 94 were at risk for CMV infection based on donor CMV seropositivity (D+) or recipient seropositivity (R+); 14 developed CMV disease (14.9%): 11 with CMV syndrome, 2 with pneumonitis, and 1 with gastrointestinal disease by the end of follow-up (October 2010); 17 developed asymptomatic CMV viremia (18.1%). The cumulative probability of CMV disease was 17.4% 18 months after transplantation. CMV D+/R− recipients who routinely received 1 year of prophylaxis were more likely to develop CMV disease compared with D+/R+ or D−/R+ recipients, who routinely received 6 months of prophylaxis (12/45 vs. 2/25 vs. 0/24, P = 0.005). Recipients who stopped CMV prophylaxis before 12 months (in D+/R− recipients) and 6 months (in R+ recipients) tended to develop CMV disease more than those who did not (9/39 vs. 3/41, P = 0.06). Conclusions On a 6-month CMV prophylaxis protocol, few R+ recipients developed CMV disease in this cohort. In contrast, despite a 12-month prophylaxis protocol, D+/R− LT recipients remained at highest risk for CMV disease.

Details

ISSN :
13982273
Volume :
15
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Transplant Infectious Disease
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....5b51b35f568a8c04e3cb3cf97d75ff93