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Urine cadmium and acute myocardial infarction among never smokers in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort
- Source :
- Sears, C G, Poulsen, A H, Eliot, M, Howe, C J, James, K A, Harrington, J M, Roswall, N, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Wellenius, G A & Meliker, J 2021, ' Urine cadmium and acute myocardial infarction among never smokers in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort ', Environment International, vol. 150, 106428 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106428, Environment International, Vol 150, Iss, Pp 106428-(2021), Sears, C G, Poulsen, A H, Eliot, M, Howe, C J, James, K A, Harrington, J M, Roswall, N, Overvad, K, Tjonneland, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Wellenius, G A & Meliker, J 2021, ' Urine cadmium and acute myocardial infarction among never smokers in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort ', Environment International, vol. 150, 106428 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106428, Environ Int
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Cadmium exposure has been associated with cardiovascular disease. Cigarette smoking is a key source of cadmium exposure and thus a potential confounder in observational studies of environmental cadmium and cardiovascular disease that include tobacco smokers. We leveraged up to 20 years of follow-up in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort to test the hypothesis that cadmium exposure is associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among people who never smoked. Between 1993 and 1997, 19,394 never-smoking participants (ages 50–64 years) were enrolled and provided a urine sample. From this sample, we randomly selected a subcohort of 600 males and 600 females. We identified 809 AMI cases occurring between baseline and the end of 2015 using the Danish National Patient Registry. We quantified cadmium, creatinine, and osmolality in baseline urine samples. Using an unweighted case-cohort approach, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for AMI in Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time axis. Participants had relatively low concentrations of urinary cadmium, as expected for never smokers (median = 0.20; 25th, 75th = 0.13, 0.32 μg cadmium/g creatinine). We did not find strong evidence to support an association between higher urinary cadmium and AMI when comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (aHR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.86 – 1.56) and per IQR increment in cadmium concentration (aHR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.93 – 1.12). Results were not materially different across strata defined by sex. Results were generally similar using creatinine or osmolality to account for differences in urine dilution. While cadmium exposure has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, we did not find strong evidence that urinary cadmium at relatively low-levels is associated with AMI among people who have never smoked.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Denmark
Myocardial Infarction
chemistry.chemical_element
Urine
Acute myocardial infarction
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Article
chemistry.chemical_compound
Neoplasms
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Risk factor
lcsh:Environmental sciences
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
General Environmental Science
lcsh:GE1-350
Creatinine
Cadmium
Smokers
business.industry
Proportional hazards model
Hazard ratio
Environmental Exposure
Middle Aged
Cardiovascular disease
Diet
Case-cohort study
Quartile
chemistry
Cohort
Female
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Sears, C G, Poulsen, A H, Eliot, M, Howe, C J, James, K A, Harrington, J M, Roswall, N, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Wellenius, G A & Meliker, J 2021, ' Urine cadmium and acute myocardial infarction among never smokers in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort ', Environment International, vol. 150, 106428 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106428, Environment International, Vol 150, Iss, Pp 106428-(2021), Sears, C G, Poulsen, A H, Eliot, M, Howe, C J, James, K A, Harrington, J M, Roswall, N, Overvad, K, Tjonneland, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Wellenius, G A & Meliker, J 2021, ' Urine cadmium and acute myocardial infarction among never smokers in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort ', Environment International, vol. 150, 106428 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106428, Environ Int
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....58a90aab22251f2d4cda04e6f001ed8f