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Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers: A Review
- Source :
- Materials, Materials, Vol 14, Iss 3706, p 3706 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a category of cancers that typically arise from the nose-, mouth-, and throat-lining squamous cells. The later stage of HNC diagnosis significantly affects the patient’s survival rate. This makes it mandatory to diagnose this cancer with a suitable biomarker and imaging techniques at the earlier stages of growth. There are limitations to traditional technologies for early detection of HNC. Furthermore, the use of nanocarriers for delivering chemo-, radio-, and phototherapeutic drugs represents a promising approach for improving the outcome of HNC treatments. Several studies with nanostructures focus on the development of a targeted and sustained release of anticancer molecules with reduced side effects. Besides, nanovehicles could allow co-delivering of anticancer drugs for synergistic activity to counteract chemo- or radioresistance. Additionally, a new generation of smart nanomaterials with stimuli-responsive properties have been developed to distinguish between unique tumor conditions and healthy tissue. In this light, the present article reviews the mechanisms used by different nanostructures (metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, quantum dots, liposomes, nanomicelles, etc.) to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment, provides an up-to-date picture of the state of the art in this field, and highlights the major challenges for future improvements.
- Subjects :
- Technology
02 engineering and technology
Review
cancer treatment
Nanomaterials
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Radioresistance
medicine
stimuli-responsive materials
General Materials Science
Head and neck
Survival rate
nanomaterials
Cancer
Microscopy
QC120-168.85
business.industry
Nanoparticles
Stimuli-responsive materials
Treatment biomaterials
Head and neck cancer
QH201-278.5
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
medicine.disease
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Biomarker (cell)
TK1-9971
Descriptive and experimental mechanics
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Cancer research
nanoparticles
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
Nanocarriers
TA1-2040
0210 nano-technology
business
biomaterials
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19961944
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5860406fd8d6057f735bdc2fc13cb8b9