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Vitamin D and Infectious Diseases: Simple Bystander or Contributing Factor?
- Source :
- Nutrients
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Vitamin D (VD) is a fat-soluble steroid essential for life in higher animals. It is technically a pro-hormone present in few food types and produced endogenously in the skin by a photochemical reaction. In recent decades, several studies have suggested that VD contributes to diverse processes extending far beyond mineral homeostasis. The machinery for VD production and its receptor have been reported in multiple tissues, where they have a pivotal role in modulating the immune system. Similarly, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been in the spotlight as a major global public healthcare burden. VDD is highly prevalent throughout different regions of the world, including tropical and subtropical countries. Moreover, VDD may affect host immunity leading to an increased incidence and severity of several infectious diseases. In this review, we discuss new insights on VD physiology as well as the relationship between VD status and various infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, respiratory tract infections, human immunodeficiency virus, fungal infections and sepsis. Finally, we critically review the latest evidence on VD monitoring and supplementation in the setting of infectious diseases.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Tuberculosis
vitamin D deficiency
vitamin D
Review
Biology
infectious diseases
Sepsis
sepsis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Bystander effect
medicine
Vitamin D and neurology
oxidative stress
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Nutrition and Dietetics
Respiratory tract infections
Bacterial Infections
medicine.disease
030104 developmental biology
tuberculosis
Virus Diseases
fungal infections
Immunology
Dietary Supplements
HIV/AIDS
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726643
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....571d05c7a6d55cb43fcdef6ef3ee6651