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Overexpression of Cathepsin S Induces Chronic Atopic Dermatitis in Mice
- Source :
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 132:1169-1176
- Publication Year :
- 2012
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2012.
-
Abstract
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing, noncontagious pruritic skin disease with two phases: acute and chronic. Previous studies have shown that the cysteine protease cathepsin S (CTSS) is linked to inflammatory processes, including atherosclerosis and asthma. The possibility that this or other cysteine proteases might cause itching or be part of a classical ligand–receptor signaling cascade has not been previously considered. Recently, CTSS was shown to be a ligand for proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), which is associated with itching. In this study, we show that CTSS-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice spontaneously develop a skin disorder similar to chronic AD. The results of this study suggest that CTSS overexpression triggers PAR-2 expression in dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in the promotion of CD4+ differentiation, which is involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression. In addition, we investigated mast cells and macrophages and found significantly higher mean levels of T helper type 1 (Th1) cell–associated cytokines than T helper type 2 (Th2) cell–associated cytokines in CTSS-overexpressing TG mice. These results suggest that increased PAR-2 expression in DCs as a result of CTSS overexpression induces scratching behavior and Th1 cell–associated cytokine expression, and can trigger chronic AD symptoms.
- Subjects :
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Proteases
Transgene
Mice, Transgenic
Dermatology
Major histocompatibility complex
Biochemistry
Dermatitis, Atopic
Mice
Downregulation and upregulation
medicine
Animals
Receptor, PAR-2
Mast Cells
Receptor
Molecular Biology
Cell Proliferation
Cathepsin S
biology
business.industry
Dendritic Cells
Cell Biology
Atopic dermatitis
medicine.disease
Cathepsins
Cysteine protease
Up-Regulation
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Disease Models, Animal
Chronic Disease
Immunology
biology.protein
Female
business
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0022202X
- Volume :
- 132
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....56ac86d503ad7f521b8a7d9c7d0f8b9f