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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Parasitemia and Gametocytemia in HIV-Infected Children on Differing Antiretroviral Therapy
- Source :
- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Laboratory data and prior pediatric reports indicate that HIV protease inhibitor (PI)–based antiretroviral therapy (ARV) kills gametocytes and reduces rates of gametocytemia, but not asymptomatic parasitemia, in a high malaria-transmission area. To determine whether ARV regimen impacts these rates in areas with less-intense malaria transmission, we compared asymptomatic parasitemia and gametocytemia rates in HIV-infected children by ARV regimen in Lilongwe, Malawi, an area of low-to-moderate transmission intensity. HIV PI lopinavir–ritonavir (LPV–rtv) ARV– or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine ARV–treated children did not differ in the rates of polymerase chain reaction-detected asymptomatic parasitemia (relative risk [RR] 0.43 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.16, 1.18], P value 0.10) or microscopically detected gametocytemia with LPV–rtv ARV during symptomatic malaria (RR 0.48 95% CI [0.22,1.04] P value 0.06). LPV–rtv ARV was not associated with reduced rates of asymptomatic parasitemia, or gametocytemia on days of symptomatic malaria episodes, in HIV-infected children. Larger studies should evaluate whether ARV impacts transmission.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Nevirapine
Anti-HIV Agents
030106 microbiology
Plasmodium falciparum
HIV Infections
Parasitemia
Asymptomatic
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
immune system diseases
Virology
Internal medicine
parasitic diseases
medicine
Gametocyte
Prevalence
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Malaria, Falciparum
Asymptomatic Infections
Africa South of the Sahara
Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor
business.industry
Coinfection
virus diseases
Infant
Articles
medicine.disease
3. Good health
Regimen
Infectious Diseases
Child, Preschool
Parasitology
Female
medicine.symptom
business
Malaria
medicine.drug
Microsatellite Repeats
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14761645 and 00029637
- Volume :
- 98
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....54d0bc7bf5dfc4813c0ee4534ed49743