Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of Root Surfaces After Instrumentation With Two Piezoelectric Devices

Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of root surfaces after ultrasonic instrumentation was performed with 2 different metallic tips on piezoelectric devices. Fresh extracted teeth were collected for experimental observation and randomly divided into 2 groups: Test Group, where the root surfaces were treated using an iron, rough, double nano-structural coated (T-Black), corindone-treated tip, and Control Group where the root surfaces were treated with a conventional iron smooth tip. A scanning electronic microscope analysis was performed and the surface roughness and the amount of residual debris were evaluated. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Twenty specimens were analyzed, 10 per group and a total of 21.4 × 10 μm has been observed. On treated area percentage of debris after ultrasonic scaling in Test Group was 1.9 ± 1.8%, while in Control Group it was 5.7 ± 4.3%. Within the limits of the study, it seems that the efficacy of the novel iron, rough, double nano-structural coated (T-Black), corindone-treated structure tip showed greater performance in terms of root surface debridement than the conventional iron smooth tip. The possibility to use a single tool (ultrasonic device with a specific tip) for the root planing procedure within the nonsurgical mechanical therapy may represent a significant advantage for the clinicians. The tested novel tip seems to be able to show the requested ideal characteristics. However, further clinical studies are needed to demonstrate the in vitro results.