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Differential associations of metabolic risk factors on cortical thickness in metabolic syndrome
- Source :
- NeuroImage : Clinical, NeuroImage: Clinical, 17, 98-108. ELSEVIER SCI LTD, NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 17, Iss, Pp 98-108 (2018)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. While sizable prior literature has examined associations between individual risk factors and quantitative measures of cortical thickness (CT), only very limited research has investigated such measures in MetS. Furthermore, the relative contributions of these risk factors to MetS-related effects on brain morphology have not yet been studied. The primary goal of this investigation was to examine how MetS may affect CT. A secondary goal was to explore the relative contributions of individual risk factors to regional alterations in CT, with the potential to identify risk factor combinations that may underlie structural changes. Methods Eighteen participants with MetS (mean age = 59.78 years) were age-matched with 18 healthy control participants (mean age = 60.50 years). CT measures were generated from T1-weighted images and groups were contrasted using whole-brain general linear modeling. A follow-up multivariate partial least squares correlation (PLS) analysis, including the full study sample with complete risk factor measurements (N = 53), was employed to examine which risk factors account for variance in group structural differences. Results Participants with MetS demonstrated significantly reduced CT in left hemisphere inferior parietal, rostral middle frontal, and lateral occipital clusters and in a right hemisphere precentral cluster. The PLS analysis revealed that waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and glucose were significant contributors to reduced CT in these clusters. In contrast, diastolic blood pressure showed a significantly positive association with CT while systolic blood pressure did not emerge as a significant contributor. Age was not associated with CT. Conclusion These results indicate that MetS can be associated with regionally specific reductions in CT. Importantly, a novel link between a risk factor profile comprising indices of obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and diastolic BP and localized alterations in CT emerged. While the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these associations remain incompletely understood, these findings may be relevant for future investigations of MetS and might have implications for treatment approaches that focus on specific risk factor profiles with the aim to reduce negative consequences on the structural integrity of the brain.<br />Highlights • Cortical thickness is reduced bilaterally in metabolic syndrome. • Five out of six risk factor components contribute to altered cortical thickness. • Particular risk factor combination may be an important target for intervention.
- Subjects :
- BP, blood pressure
Male
WHITE-MATTER-HYPERINTENSITIES
Specific risk
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION
lcsh:RC346-429
HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Cohort Studies
CT, cortical thickness
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
GLM, general linear model
MetS, Metabolic Syndrome
Aged, 80 and over
Cerebral Cortex
Metabolic Syndrome
Brain Mapping
INSULIN-RESISTANCE SYNDROME
Regular Article
Middle Aged
ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
Neurology
Cardiology
lcsh:R858-859.7
Female
Waist Circumference
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Waist
FDR, false discovery rate
Cognitive Neuroscience
lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
SURFACE-BASED ANALYSIS
03 medical and health sciences
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Magnetic resonance imaging
MAGNETIC-RESONANCE IMAGES
Internal medicine
PLS, partial least squares correlation
Diastolic blood pressure
medicine
Humans
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Obesity
Risk factor
VA, Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System
Gray matter
OLDER-ADULTS
lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Aged
BLOOD-FLOW
business.industry
Brain morphometry
GEOMETRICALLY ACCURATE
medicine.disease
Hyperintensity
Endocrinology
Blood pressure
Dyslipidemia
Case-Control Studies
Hyperglycemia
Neurology (clinical)
Metabolic syndrome
business
HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22131582
- Volume :
- 17
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- NeuroImage: Clinical
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....52eb74457210573b7c2a52067dce20e0