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Historical Changes in Weight Classes and the Influence of NAFLD Prevalence: A Population Analysis of 34,486 Individuals

Authors :
Benjamin Kai Yi Nah
Cheng Han Ng
Kai En Chan
Caitlyn Tan
Manik Aggarwal
Rebecca Wenling Zeng
Jieling Xiao
Yip Han Chin
Eunice X. X. Tan
Yi Ping Ren
Douglas Chee
Jonathan Neo
Nicholas W. S. Chew
Michael Tseng
Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui
Arun J. Sanyal
Yock Young Dan
Mark Muthiah
Source :
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 16; Pages: 9935
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease globally in tandem with the growing obesity epidemic. However, there is a lack of data on the relationship between historical weight changes 10 years ago and at present on NAFLD prevalence at the population level. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the relationship between weight classes and the prevalence of NAFLD. Methods: Data were used from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate general linear model analyses were used to obtain risk ratio (RR) estimations of NAFLD events. Results: In total, 34,486 individuals were analysed, with those who were lean at both time points as the control group. Overweight (RR: 14.73, 95%CI: 11.94 to 18.18, p < 0.01) or obese (RR: 31.51, 95%CI: 25.30 to 39.25, p < 0.01) individuals at both timepoints were more likely to develop NAFLD. Residual risk exists where previously obese individuals became overweight (RR: 14.72, 95%CI: 12.36 to 17.52, p < 0.01) or lean (RR: 2.46, 95%CI: 1.40 to 4.31, p = 0.02), and previously overweight individuals who became lean (RR 2.24, 95%CI 1.42 to 3.54, p = 0.01) had persistent elevated risk of developing NAFLD despite weight regression. Sensitivity analysis identified that a higher proportion of individuals with regression in weight class were diabetics and Mexican Americans, while fewer African Americans saw weight-class regression. Conclusions: Residual risk exists in patients who lost weight despite the smaller magnitude of effect, and targeted weight reductions should still be used to mitigate the risk of NAFLD at the population level.

Details

ISSN :
16604601
Volume :
19
Issue :
16
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
International journal of environmental research and public health
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....528e99d584257e8a5fa29e7847676ce5