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Echocardiography for the Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension and Congenital Heart Disease in the Young
- Source :
- Diagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 49, p 49 (2021), Diagnostics
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- While invasive assessment of hemodynamics and testing of acute vasoreactivity in the catheterization laboratory is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) in children, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) serves as the initial diagnostic tool. International guidelines suggest several key echocardiographic variables and indices for the screening studies when PH is suspected. However, due to the complex anatomy and special physiological considerations, these may not apply to patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Misinterpretation of TTE variables can lead to delayed diagnosis and therapy, with fatal consequences, or–on the other hand-unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures that have relevant risks, especially in the pediatric age group. We herein provide an overview of the echocardiographic workup of children and adolescents with PH with a special focus on children with CHD, such as ventricular/atrial septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot or univentricular physiology. In addition, we address the use of echocardiography as a tool to assess eligibility for exercise and sports, a major determinant of quality of life and outcome in patients with PH associated with CHD.
- Subjects :
- exercise assessment
medicine.medical_specialty
Heart disease
Clinical Biochemistry
Hemodynamics
Review
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Atrial septal defects
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Quality of life
Internal medicine
pulmonary arterial hypertension
pulmonary hypertension
medicine
echocardiography
030212 general & internal medicine
Tetralogy of Fallot
lcsh:R5-920
business.industry
Vascular disease
Gold standard
medicine.disease
Pulmonary hypertension
congenital heart disease
Cardiology
business
lcsh:Medicine (General)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20754418
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 49
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Diagnostics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....526e16d0c6c0b89e8b7195ab6d123437