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Microcarriers for Upscaling Cultured Meat Production
- Source :
- Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol 7 (2020), Frontiers in Nutrition
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Due to the considerable environmental impact and the controversial animal welfare associated with industrial meat production, combined with the ever-increasing global population and demand for meat products, sustainable production alternatives are indispensable. In 2013, the world's first laboratory grown hamburger made from cultured muscle cells was developed. However, coming at a price of $300.000, and being produced manually, substantial effort is still required to reach sustainable large-scale production. One of the main challenges is scalability. Microcarriers (MCs), offering a large surface/volume ratio, are the most promising candidates for upscaling muscle cell culture. However, although many MCs have been developed for cell lines and stem cells typically used in the medical field, none have been specifically developed for muscle stem cells and meat production. This paper aims to discuss the MCs' design criteria for skeletal muscle cell proliferation and subsequently for meat production based on three scenarios: (1) MCs are serving only as a temporary substrate for cell attachment and proliferation and therefore they need to be separated from the cells at some stage of the bioprocess, (2) MCs serve as a temporary substrate for cell proliferation but are degraded or dissolved during the bioprocess, and (3) MCs are embedded in the final product and therefore need to be edible. The particularities of each of these three bioprocesses will be discussed from the perspective of MCs as well as the feasibility of a one-step bioprocess. Each scenario presents advantages and drawbacks, which are discussed in detail, nevertheless the third scenario appears to be the most promising one for a production process. Indeed, using an edible material can limit or completely eliminate dissociation/degradation/separation steps and even promote organoleptic qualities when embedded in the final product. Edible microcarriers could also be used as a temporary substrate similarly to scenarios 1 and 2, which would limit the risk of non-edible residues.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Computer science
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
SKELETAL-MUSCLE CELLS
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
lcsh:TX341-641
Review
03 medical and health sciences
Global population
Cultured meat
0302 clinical medicine
cultivated meat
MAMMALIAN-CELLS
EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX
Production (economics)
bovine myoblasts
Bioprocess
LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION
Nutrition
satellite cells
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Nutrition and Dietetics
CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
SHEAR-STRESS
bioprocessing
Final product
Microcarrier
HYDROXYBUTYL CHITOSAN
ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS
Skeletal muscle cell proliferation
clean meat
microbeads
Biochemical engineering
Sustainable production
EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
cell expansion
SATELLITE CELL
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2296861X
- Volume :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....51c5387f1a68a69a93059334aee945de