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Exposure to ototoxic agents and hearing loss: A review of current knowledge
- Source :
- Hearing, Balance and Communication. 12:166-175
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Several experimental and clinical studies have shown that a variety of ototoxic agents (such as drugs, industrial chemicals and noise) can cause sensorineural hearing loss. The most common ototoxic drugs used in clinical practice include: aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics, quinoline anti-malarials, platinum analog antineoplastics, loop diuretics, and acetylsalicylic acid. Among chemical agents with potential ototoxic properties are: organic solvents, heavy metals, organotins, nitriles, asphyxiants, and pesticides/herbicides. Acoustic exposure to high intensity and/or prolonged noise can also cause permanent threshold shifts in auditory perception. Ototoxic agents can influence auditory function by different mechanisms: RO S overload, inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis, DNA/RNA damage, activation of the apoptotic pathways, excessive calcium influx, increase of proinflammatory cytokines, interference with fluid and electrolyte balance of the endolymph, atrophy of the stria vascularis, changes in blood-labyrinth barrier and overstimulation of the stereocilia of the ear cells. Since noise exposure and many drugs or chemical compounds frequently share the same ototoxic mechanisms, this may explain why hearing loss can be potentiated by combined exposure to these agents. However, a great variability in the individual’s response to a given xenobiotic exists and depends on a complex interplay between endogenous and exogenous factors.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
pharmacological injury
Endolymph
Hearing loss
ototoxicity, hearing loss, pharmacological injury, reactive oxygen species
Pharmacology
Audiology
Proinflammatory cytokine
Speech and Hearing
Atrophy
Ototoxicity
medicine
hearing loss
reactive oxygen species
chemistry.chemical_classification
Reactive oxygen species
business.industry
Settore MED/44 - Medicina Del Lavoro
Aminoglycoside
medicine.disease
ototoxicity
Settore MED/32 - Audiologia
Settore MED/31 - Otorinolaringoiatria
medicine.anatomical_structure
Otorhinolaryngology
chemistry
Settore BIO/14 - Farmacologia
Sensorineural hearing loss
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21695725 and 21695717
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Hearing, Balance and Communication
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....50cbc7e44ac2668c0ea0f78f5f2b3e32