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Diabetes and cognitive impairment: A role for glucotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12366, p 12366 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, responsible for the onset of several long-term complications. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction represents an emerging complication of DM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still obscure. Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter essentially known for its relevance in the regulation of behavior and movement, modulates cognitive function, too. Interestingly, alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in DM. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the most relevant experimental results assessing DA’s role in cognitive function, highlighting the presence of dopaminergic dysfunction in DM and supporting a role for glucotoxicity in DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Several studies confirm a role for DA in cognition both in animal models and in humans. Similarly, significant alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in animal models of experimental diabetes and in diabetic patients, too. Evidence is accumulating that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) are associated with cognitive impairment and alterations of the dopaminergic system. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms linking DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment and to assess the deleterious impact of glucotoxicity.
- Subjects :
- Glycation End Products, Advanced
Dopamine
Review
chemistry.chemical_compound
Cognition
Glycation
Diabetes Complication
Medicine
Biology (General)
Neurotransmitter
Cognitive impairment
Glucotoxicity
Spectroscopy
Methylglyoxal
Dopaminergic
General Medicine
Pyruvaldehyde
Computer Science Applications
Chemistry
diabetes mellitus
Dopaminergic Neuron
medicine.drug
Human
Signal Transduction
Diabetes mellitu
QH301-705.5
Catalysis
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
Diabetes Complications
Inorganic Chemistry
Diabetes mellitus
Animals
Humans
Cognitive Dysfunction
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
QD1-999
Molecular Biology
business.industry
Animal
Dopaminergic Neurons
Organic Chemistry
medicine.disease
Glucose
chemistry
Hyperglycemia
business
Neuroscience
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12366, p 12366 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....502227f1a1fdf06e5ba6a501c607d271