Positive pressure ventilation at birth

To review the current state of the art of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) during resuscitation FINDINGS: The frequency of PPV during delivery room resuscitation varies across settings and gestational age subgroups. Goal targets and parameters for delivery room PPV remain undefined. The T-piece resuscitator provides the most consistent pressures during PPV and may improve clinical outcomes. The laryngeal mask may be an important alternative interface for PPV, but more data are needed to identify the optimal role of the supraglottic airway during PPV. No objective monitors of PPV have conclusively demonstrated improved outcomes to date.More information, including real-world data from population-based studies, is needed to provide data-driven guidelines for positive pressure ventilation during neonatal transition after birth.