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Population genome of the newly discovered Jinchuan yak to understand its adaptive evolution in extreme environments and generation mechanism of the multirib trait
- Source :
- Integrative Zoology. 16:685-695
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The adaptation and diversity of animals to the extreme environments of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are typical materials to study adaptive evolution. The recently discovered Jinchuan yak population has many individuals with multiple ribs. However, little is known about this yak's origin, evolution, and the genetic mechanisms that formed its unique multirib trait. Here, we report a valuable population genome resource of the Jinchuan yak by resequencing the whole genome of 150 individuals. Population genetic polymorphism and structure analysis reveal that Jinchuan yak can be differentiated as a unique and original yak population among the domestic yak. Combined with geological change, the Jinchuan yak's evolutionary origin is speculated to be about 6290 years ago, which may be related to the unique geographical environment of the eastern edge of the QTP during this period. Compared with other domestic yaks, this new population has 280 positively selected genes. The genes related to skeletal function hold a considerable and remarkable proportion, suggesting that the specific skeletal characteristics have been enhanced in the adaptive evolution of Jinchuan yak in the extreme plateau environment. The genome-wide association study has revealed that TUBA8 and TUBA4A, the genes that regulate the cytoskeleton, are potential genes associated with the multirib trait. Our findings provide a basis to further understand the generation mechanism of the adaptive evolution of this new population in high-altitude extreme environments and the multivertebrate trait of domestic animals.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Population
Biology
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Genome
Animals
Extreme environment
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology
education
Gene
education.field_of_study
Bone Development
Mechanism (biology)
05 social sciences
Adaptation, Physiological
Biological Evolution
Evolutionary biology
Trait
Cattle
Animal Science and Zoology
Adaptation
Genome-Wide Association Study
Adaptive evolution
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17494877
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Integrative Zoology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4f924335153d6ec32aaa673c5f90b9d2