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The first multi-centre point-prevalence survey in four Japanese university hospitals

Authors :
Norifumi Shigemoto
Hiroki Ohge
Satoshi Ichiyama
Shingo Yoshihara
Mitsutaka Iguchi
Minako Mori
T. Yagi
Miki Nagao
Toshiki Kajihara
Yuka Tomita
Hiroshi Morioka
Kei Kasahara
Source :
Journal of Hospital Infection. 99:325-331
Publication Year :
2018
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2018.

Abstract

Summary Background The Japanese government adopted a national action plan on antimicrobial resistance, which aims to reduce drug-resistant pathogens and antimicrobial use. A point-prevalence survey (PPS) is a useful surveillance method to gain information about hospital epidemiology; however, no multi-centre PPS has previously been performed in Japan. Aim To investigate general information about hospital epidemiology, healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), and antimicrobial use in multiple Japanese university hospitals. Methods In July 2016, a multi-centre PPS was conducted using a standardized protocol at four university hospitals in Japan. Findings A total of 3199 patients were included. Median age and duration of hospital stay were 64 years and 10 days, respectively. A total of 246 (7.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.8–8.7) patients had 256 active HCAIs, and 933 (29.2%; 95% CI: 27.6–30.8) patients received 1318 antimicrobials. Pneumonia and gastrointestinal system infection were the most common HCAIs (N = 42, 16.4%), and Enterobacteriaceae (N = 49, 30.8%) were the predominant causative organisms. Carbapenems (N = 52, 17.8%), anti-MRSA medications, and cephems with antipseudomonal activity were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials for HCAIs. As surgical prophylaxis, 46 of 278 antimicrobials (16.5%) were administered orally. Proportions of HCAI and antimicrobial use in each hospital ranged from 4.8% to 9.5% and 19.3%–35.0%, respectively. Conclusion This multi-centre PPS recorded detailed HCAI data and distinct antimicrobial use in Japanese university hospitals. Further surveillance is necessary to reduce HCAIs and formulate feasible plans to achieve the national action plan on antimicrobial resistance.

Details

ISSN :
01956701
Volume :
99
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Hospital Infection
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....4f80aa5408106b6ae0ee53e3f914bdc4
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2018.03.005