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Unusual Na+ Ion Intercalation/Deintercalation in Metal-Rich Cu1.8S for Na-Ion Batteries
- Source :
- ACS Nano. 12:2827-2837
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- American Chemical Society (ACS), 2018.
-
Abstract
- A key issue with Na-ion batteries is the development of active materials with stable electrochemical reversibility through the understanding of their sodium storage mechanisms. We report a sodium storage mechanism and properties of a new anode material, digenite Cu1.8S, based on its crystallographic study. It is revealed that copper sulfides (CuxS) can have metal-rich formulas (x ≥ 1.6), due to the unique oxidation state of +1 found in group 11 elements. These phases enable the unit cell to consist of all strong Cu–S bonds and no direct S–S bonds, which are vulnerable to external stress/strain that could result in bond cleavage as well as decomposition. Because of its structural rigidness, the Cu1.8S shows an intercalation/deintercalation reaction mechanism even in a low potential window of 0.1–2.2 V versus Na/Na+ without irreversible phase transformation, which most of the metal sulfides experience through a conversion reaction mechanism. It uptakes, on average, 1.4 Na+ ions per unit cell (∼250 mAh g–1) and exhibits ∼100% retention over 1000 cycles at 2C in a tuned voltage range of 0.5–2.2 V through an overall solid solution reaction with negligible phase separation.
- Subjects :
- Reaction mechanism
Materials science
Sodium
Intercalation (chemistry)
General Physics and Astronomy
chemistry.chemical_element
02 engineering and technology
engineering.material
010402 general chemistry
Digenite
Electrochemistry
01 natural sciences
Metal
Oxidation state
General Materials Science
Chemical engineering [Engineering]
General Engineering
Metal Sulfide
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Digenite Cu1.8S
Copper
0104 chemical sciences
Crystallography
chemistry
visual_art
engineering
visual_art.visual_art_medium
0210 nano-technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1936086X and 19360851
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ACS Nano
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4f2d8f77012e2f2c36efeb1c3692bd03