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Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults
- Source :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 3857, p 3857 (2020), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume 17, Issue 11, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11):3857, 1-18. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to more mental health problems. However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. Quota sampling was used to recruit 2993 Chinese citizens aged &ge<br />18 years old. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Exposure to COVID-19 was measured with questions about residence at outbreak, personal exposure, media exposure, and impact on livelihood. General coping style was measured by the brief Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Respondents were also asked 12 additional questions about COVID-19 specific coping behaviors. Direct exposure to COVID-19 instead of the specific location of (temporary) residence within or outside the epicenter (Wuhan) of the pandemic seems important (standardized beta: 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02&ndash<br />0.09). Less mental health problems were also associated with less intense exposure through the media (standardized beta: &minus<br />0.07, 95% CI: &minus<br />0.10&ndash<br />&minus<br />0.03). Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10&ndash<br />0.19). More use of cognitive and prosocial coping behaviors were associated with less mental health problems (standardized beta: &minus<br />0.30, 95% CI: &minus<br />0.34&ndash<br />0.27). Our study suggests that the mental health consequences of the lockdown impact on livelihood should not be underestimated. Building on cognitive coping behaviors reappraisal or cognitive behavioral treatments may be most promising.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Sleep Wake Disorders
China
Coping (psychology)
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
insomnia
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Pneumonia, Viral
lcsh:Medicine
Article
Disease Outbreaks
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Betacoronavirus
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Asian People
Surveys and Questionnaires
Adaptation, Psychological
Epidemiology
Humans
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Pandemics
Likelihood Functions
Depression
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
lcsh:R
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
COVID-19
Cognition
Middle Aged
Livelihood
Mental health
Checklist
Mental Health
Prosocial behavior
Female
Coronavirus Infections
business
Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16604601 and 16617827
- Volume :
- 17
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4f28aff32f064f79e1196a04a6ea4572