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Chemical characterization of an aqueous extract and the essential oil of Tithonia diversifolia and their biocontrol activity against seed-borne pathogens of rice
Chemical characterization of an aqueous extract and the essential oil of Tithonia diversifolia and their biocontrol activity against seed-borne pathogens of rice
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The high cost of chemical pesticides and their negative impact on the environment prompted the search for natural pesticides from plants. The objective of our study was to control rice seed pathogenic fungi and bacteria using aqueous extract and essential oil from Tithonia diversifolia leaves. We obtained aqueous extract and essential oil, respectively, by maceration and hydrodistillation; the antimicrobial activities were determined in vitro on a solid medium by the food poisoning method. The secondary metabolites were determined by qualitative and quantitative assays; the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from Titonia diversifolia was studied using gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results showed that phenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, sugars and saponins were present in the aqueous extract. The essential oil contained mainly hydrocarbonated, oxygenated monoterpenes, terpenoids and sesquiterpenes. α-terpineol (20.3%), eucalyptol (14.6%), camphor (14.3%) and α-pinene (13.5%) as the main compounds. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, all tested bacteria were sensitive to aqueous extract and essential oil. The activity of the aqueous extract on the tested fungi showed an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of 50 mg/mL against Bipolaris oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme. The activity of the essential oil on bacteria and fungi showed MIC of 125 μg/mL (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pseudomonas fuscovaginae) and MFC of 5000 μg/mL (Bipolaris oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme). These results allow us to consider Tithonia diversifolia as a potential source of natural biopesticides against rice seed-borne pathogens.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Fusarium
Biopesticides
Seed-borne pathogens
Plant Science
Horticulture
01 natural sciences
law.invention
Camphor
chemistry.chemical_compound
Xanthomonas oryzae
law
Tithonia diversifolia
Food science
Essential oil
Tithonia diversifolia, Seed-borne pathogens, Biopesticides, Secondary metabolites
biology
Secondary metabolites
food and beverages
Tithonia
Antimicrobial
biology.organism_classification
Terpenoid
010602 entomology
Eucalyptol
chemistry
Agronomy and Crop Science
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4f22f0573928960d5f289f2a38ee1108