Big Data Defined: A Practical Review for Neurosurgeons

Background Modern science and healthcare generate vast amounts of data, and, coupled with the increasingly inexpensive and accessible computing, a tremendous opportunity exists to use these data to improve care. A better understanding of data science and its relationship to neurosurgical practice will be increasingly important as we transition into this modern “big data” era. Methods A review of the literature was performed for key articles referencing big data for neurosurgical care or related topics. Results In the present report, we first defined the nature and scope of data science from a technical perspective. We then discussed its relationship to the modern neurosurgical practice, highlighting key references, which might form a useful introductory reading list. Conclusions Numerous challenges exist going forward; however, organized neurosurgery has an important role in fostering and facilitating these efforts to merge data science with neurosurgical practice.