Silver nanowires as plasmonic compensators of luminescence quenching in single up-converting nanocrystals deposited on graphene

Single nanocrystal spectroscopy is employed to demonstrate metal-enhanced optical response of Er3+/Yb3+ doped up-conversion nanocrystals deposited on graphene upon coupling with silver nanowires. Direct interaction between nanocrystals and graphene results in quenching of up-conversion emission and shortening of luminescence decay times, due to the energy transfer to graphene. The amount of the energy absorbed by graphene can be enhanced by coupling Er3+/Yb3+ doped up-conversion nanocrystals with silver nanowires. Microscopy studies with high spatial resolution together with time-resolved analysis of nanocrystal luminescence show increase of the emission rates with fourfold enhancement of the intensity for nanocrystals placed in the vicinity of silver nanowires. This strong enhancement emerges despite simultaneous interaction with graphene. The hybrid nanostructure provides thus a way to combine optical activity of up-conversion nanocrystals and enhancement provided by metallic nanowires with excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene.