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Surface Energy-Driven Preferential Grain Growth of Metal Halide Perovskites: Effects of Nanoimprint Lithography Beyond Direct Patterning
- Source :
- ACS applied materialsinterfaces. 13(4)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have attracted much attention in the field of optoelectronic devices because of their desirable properties such as high crystallinity, smooth morphology, and well-oriented grains. Recently, it was shown that thermal nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is an effective method not only to directly pattern but also to improve the morphology, crystallinity, and crystallographic orientations of annealed perovskite films. However, the underlining mechanisms behind the positive effects of NIL on perovskite material properties have not been understood. In this work, we study the kinetics of perovskite grain growth with surface energy calculations by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and reveal that the surface energy-driven preferential grain growth during NIL, which involves multiplex processes of restricted grain growth in the surface-normal direction, abnormal grain growth, crystallographic reorientation, and grain boundary migration, is the enabler of the material quality enhancement. Moreover, we develop an optimized NIL process and prove its effectiveness by employing it in a perovskite light-emitting electrochemical cell (PeLEC) architecture, in which we observe a fourfold enhancement of maximum current efficiency and twofold enhancement of luminance compared to a PeLEC without NIL, reaching a maximum current efficiency of 0.07598 cd/A at 3.5 V and luminance of 1084 cd/m
- Subjects :
- Materials science
Halide
Nanotechnology
02 engineering and technology
010402 general chemistry
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
01 natural sciences
Surface energy
0104 chemical sciences
Nanoimprint lithography
law.invention
Metal
Grain growth
Crystallinity
law
visual_art
visual_art.visual_art_medium
General Materials Science
0210 nano-technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19448252
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ACS applied materialsinterfaces
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4d1a7e4aa9f21975d5bcb8ad55fc2e00