Back to Search
Start Over
The effects of increased dose of hepatitis B vaccine on mother-to-child transmission and immune response for infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection: a prospective, multicenter, large-sample cohort study
The effects of increased dose of hepatitis B vaccine on mother-to-child transmission and immune response for infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection: a prospective, multicenter, large-sample cohort study
- Source :
- BMC Medicine, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021), BMC Medicine
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Appropriate passive-active immunoprophylaxis effectively reduces mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV), but the immunoprophylaxis failure was still more than 5% under the current strategy. The study objective was to investigate the effects of high dose of HB vaccine on MTCT and immune response for infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers. Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, large-sample cohort study in four sites of China, and 955 pairs of HBsAg-positive mothers and their infants were enrolled in our investigation. The infants were given 10 μg or 20 μg HB vaccine (at age 0, 1, and 6 months) plus HB immunoglobulin (at age 0 and 1 month). Serum HBsAg, antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and/or HBV DNA levels in the infants were determined at age 12 months. The safety of 20 μg HB vaccine was evaluated by adverse events and observing the growth indexes of infants. Results Thirteen of 955 infants were HBsAg-positive at 12 months. Stratification analysis showed that immunoprophylaxis failure rates in the 20 μg group were not significantly different from the 10 μg group, whatever maternal HBV load was high or not. But the high dose of HB vaccine significantly reduced low-response rate (anti-HBs 10–100 IU/L) (P = 0.002) and middle-response rate (anti-HBs 100–1000 IU/L) (P = 0.022) and improved high-response rate (anti-HBs ≥ 1000 IU/L) (P 10 IU/mL. For infants born to mothers with HBV DNA ≥ 5 log10 IU/mL, 20 μg HB vaccine did not present these above response advantages. The 20 μg HB vaccine showed good safety for infants. Conclusions The 20 μg HB vaccine did not further reduce immunoprophylaxis failure of infants from HBsAg-positive mothers, but increased the high-response and decreased low-response rates for infants born to mothers with HBV DNA 10 IU/mL. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-PRC-09000459
- Subjects :
- Hepatitis B virus
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
HBsAg
Hepatitis B vaccine
Mothers
High dose
medicine.disease_cause
Cohort Studies
03 medical and health sciences
Hepatitis B, Chronic
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
medicine
Humans
Hepatitis B Vaccines
Prospective Studies
030212 general & internal medicine
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Immune response
Child
Adverse effect
biology
Mother-to-child transmission
Transmission (medicine)
business.industry
Immunity
Infant, Newborn
Infant
virus diseases
General Medicine
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
digestive system diseases
Clinical trial
Child, Preschool
biology.protein
Medicine
Female
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Antibody
business
Research Article
Cohort study
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17417015
- Volume :
- 19
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BMC Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4cf43538ec9e5f8dfd253379be0c3910
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02025-1