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Molecular characterization and analysis of high-level multidrug-resistance of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s strains from China

Authors :
Jing Xie
Hongbin Song
Hongbo Liu
Xiujuan Zhang
Lihua Qi
Qiuxia Ma
Peng Li
Xuebin Xu
Jiayong Zhao
Su Wenli
Shaofu Qiu
Hui Ma
Chunyu Sheng
Hao Li
Chaojie Yang
Fuli Wu
Jian Wang
Xinying Du
Shengli Xia
Xianyan Cui
Leili Jia
Na Zhou
Source :
Scientific Reports
Publication Year :
2016
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016.

Abstract

To conduct the first comprehensive analysis of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s, a novel serotype found in 2010, we identified 24 serotype 4s isolates from 1973 shigellosis cases in China (2002–2014). The isolates were characterized by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phylogenetic analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to determine their genetic relatedness and analysed further for their antimicrobial susceptibilities and antimicrobial resistance determinants. The PFGE and SNP phylogenetic analyses suggest that S. flexneri serotype 4s strains are derived from multiple serotypes, including two predominant serotypes in China: serotype X variant and serotype II. Three new sequence types were identified by MLST. All isolates were resistant to ticarcillin, ampicillin and tetracycline, with high-level resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. Notably, all the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), with the highest levels of resistance observed for eight antimicrobials classes. Most isolates contain various antimicrobial resistance determinants. In conclusion, we found that serotype 4s isolates have multiple evolutionary sources, diverse biochemical characteristics and genomes and highly prevalent multidrug resistance and antimicrobial-resistant determinants. With few clinical treatment options, continuous monitoring and timely intervention against this emerging MDR serotype is essential. The possibility that serotype 4s will become the next predominant serotype exists.

Details

ISSN :
20452322
Volume :
6
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Scientific Reports
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....4ca138bfd2ceaeb9529f14fe99a1392f