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Dietary diversity and food security status among heart failure patients in the north of Iran
- Source :
- BMC Nutrition, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021), BMC Nutrition
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Dietary diversity score (DDS) is an indicator for assessing nutritional adequacy. Food security is another important measure in nutrition field which can be associated with several cardiovascular risk factors. Considering the importance of nutrition in heart failure (HF) patients, this study was designed to evaluate the DDS and food security of patients with HF. Methods A total of 200 HF patients were enrolled. DDS was evaluated using valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire and was calculated by scoring food intakes as 5 main groups. Household food insecurity access scale was applied to assess food security status. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests and multiple logistic regression models. Results The mean age of patients was 65 (standard deviation: 12) years and 59% of patients were male. Median of DDS was 1.96 (range: 0.29 to 6.12). Adjusted odds of greater DDS (> = median of 2) was 2.58 times higher for patients without hypertension than for patients with hypertension (95%CI: 1.31–5.08, P = 0.006). Also, odds of greater DDS were more in ex-smokers’ patients when compared to non-smokers (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.70, 95%CI: 1.27–5.75, P = 0.010), patients with supplement use (AOR: 2.42, 95%CI: 1.16–5.05, P = 0.019), patients with lower total cholesterol level (AOR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00–1.02, P = 0.051), and patients with higher ejection fraction (AOR: 1.03, 95%CI: 1.00–1.05, with borderline. P = 0.073). About 57% of patients had experienced degrees of food insecurity as mild (26%), moderate (16%) and severe (15%). On the other hand, women (AOR: 1.90, 95%CI: 0.90–3.71, with borderline P = 0.061) and patients with middle (AOR: 3.48, 95%CI: 1.79–6.76, P P = 0.004) socio-economic status were more likely to be food secure or mild insecure. Also, no relation between DDS and food security was found (r = − 0.08, P = 0.262). Conclusion This study found that HF patients had a low DDS and more than half of the patients were food insecure to some extents.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Medicine (General)
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Food frequency questionnaire
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Heart failure
Clinical nutrition
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Logistic regression
Food processing and manufacture
Odds
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
R5-920
Internal medicine
medicine
TX341-641
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Nutrition and Dietetics
Food security
Ejection fraction
Food insecurity
business.industry
Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Public health
Research
Household food insecurity access scale
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Odds ratio
TP368-456
medicine.disease
Dietary diversity score
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20550928
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BMC Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4c2f9cf38028a997858a92a00cc57808