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Effectiveness of a Vaping Cessation Text Message Program Among Young Adult e-Cigarette Users: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Source :
- JAMA Internal Medicine
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- This randomized clinical trial determines the effectiveness of a text message program for vaping cessation among young adults aged 18 to 24 years vs assessment-only control.<br />Key Points Question Is a text message program for vaping cessation effective in promoting abstinence from e-cigarettes among young adults (YAs)? Findings In this randomized clinical trial of 2588 YA e-cigarette users, at 7 months postrandomization abstinence rates were 24.1% among participants assigned to the text message intervention and 18.6% among participants assigned to an assessment-only control, which is a statistically significant difference. No baseline characteristics moderated the treatment-outcome relationship, including nicotine dependence. Meaning A text message vaping cessation program is effective in promoting abstinence among YA e-cigarette users.<br />Importance e-Cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product among young adults (YAs). Despite the harms of nicotine exposure among YAs, there are few, if any, empirically tested vaping cessation interventions available. Objective To determine the effectiveness of a text message program for vaping cessation among YAs vs assessment-only control. Design, Setting, and Participants A parallel, 2-group, double-blind, individually randomized clinical trial was conducted from December 2019 to November 2020 among YA e-cigarette users. Eligible individuals were US residents aged 18 to 24 years who owned a mobile phone with an active text message plan, reported past 30-day e-cigarette use, and were interested in quitting in the next 30 days. Participants were recruited via social media ads, the intervention was delivered via text message, and assessments were completed via website or mobile phone. Follow-up was conducted at 1 and 7 months postrandomization; follow-up data collection began January 2020 and ended in November 2020. The study was prespecified in the trial protocol. Interventions All participants received monthly assessments via text message about e-cigarette use. The assessment-only control arm (n = 1284) received no additional intervention. The active intervention arm (n = 1304) also received This is Quitting, a fully automated text message program for vaping cessation that delivers social support and cognitive and behavioral coping skills training. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence (ppa) at 7 months analyzed under intention-to-treat analysis, which counted nonresponders as vaping. Secondary outcomes were 7-day ppa under intention-to-treat analysis and retention weighted complete case analysis of 30-day and 7-day ppa. Results Of the 2588 YA e-cigarette users included in the trial, the mean (SD) age was 20.4 (1.7) years, 1253 (48.4%) were male, 2159 (83.4%) were White, 275 (10.6%) were Hispanic, and 493 (19.0%) were a sexual minority. Most participants (n = 2129; 82.3%) vaped within 30 minutes of waking. The 7-month follow-up rate was 76.0% (n = 1967), with no differential attrition. Abstinence rates were 24.1% (95% CI, 21.8%-26.5%) among intervention participants and 18.6% (95% CI, 16.7%-20.8%) among control participants (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.15-1.68; P
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
media_common.quotation_subject
Health Behavior
Psychological intervention
MEDLINE
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
01 natural sciences
law.invention
03 medical and health sciences
Social support
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Randomized controlled trial
Double-Blind Method
law
Intervention (counseling)
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Online First
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
0101 mathematics
Young adult
media_common
Original Investigation
Tobacco Use Cessation
Text Messaging
business.industry
Research
Vaping
010102 general mathematics
Odds ratio
Tobacco Products
Abstinence
Treatment Outcome
Physical therapy
Smoking Cessation
Female
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21686114
- Volume :
- 181
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- JAMA internal medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4b741fde3d7685b6ac5e1b836923c807