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Propionic acidemia: an extremely rare cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an infant
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Hemophagocytic lymphohystiocytosis (HLH) may be primary (inherited/familial) or secondary to infections, malignancies, rheumatologic disorders, immune deficiency syndromes and metabolic diseases. Cases including lysinuric protein intolerance, multiple sulfatase deficiency, galactosemia, Gaucher disease, Pearson syndrome, and galactosialidosis have previously been reported. It is unclear how the metabolites trigger HLH in metabolic diseases. A 2-month-old infant with lethargy, pallor, poor feeding, hepatosplenomegaly, fever and pancytopenia, was diagnosed with HLH and the HLH-2004 treatment protocol was initiated. Analysis for primary HLH gene mutations and metabolic screening tests were performed together; primary HLH gene mutations were negative, but hyperammonemia and elevated methyl citrate were detected. Propionic acidemia was diagnosed with tandem mass spectrometry in neonatal dried blood spot. We report this case of HLH secondary to propionic acidemia. Both metabolic disorder screening tests and gene mutation analysis may be performed simultaneously especially for early diagnosis in infants presenting with HLH.La linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica (LHH) puede ser primaria (hereditaria) o secundaria a infecciones, tumores malignos, trastornos reumatológicos, síndromes de inmunodeficiencia y metabolopatías. Se informaron casos de intolerancia a la proteína lisinúrica, deficiencia de múltiples sulfatasas, galactosemia, enfermedad de Gaucher, síndrome de Pearson y galactosialidosis. No se sabe cómo se desencadena la LHH en las metabolopatías. Se diagnosticó LHH en un lactante de 2 meses con letargo, palidez, alimentación deficiente, hepatoesplenomegalia, fiebre y pancitopenia, y se instauró el protocolo HLH-2004. Se realizaron, en conjunto, análisis para detectar mutaciones genéticas y pruebas metabólicas; los resultados fueron negativos para las mutaciones genéticas de LHH primaria, pero se detectaron hiperamoniemia y concentración elevada de metilcitrato. Se diagnosticó acidemia propiónica. Aquí informamos sobre un caso de LHH secundaria a acidemia propiónica. Es posible la realización simultánea de pruebas de detección de trastornos metabólicos y de mutaciones genéticas para el diagnóstico temprano en los lactantes con LHH.
- Subjects :
- Male
endocrine system
Propionic Acidemia
Hepatosplenomegaly
Gene mutation
030226 pharmacology & pharmacy
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
hemic and lymphatic diseases
medicine
Humans
Propionic acidemia
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
business.industry
fungi
Metabolic disorder
Galactosemia
Infant
musculoskeletal system
medicine.disease
Pancytopenia
Lysinuric protein intolerance
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Immunology
medicine.symptom
business
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....49ad2204921875f70c49714899581779