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The hallucinogenic herb Salvia divinorum and its active ingredient salvinorin A inhibit enteric cholinergic transmission in the guinea-pig ileum
- Source :
- Neurogastroenterology and Motility. 18:69-75
- Publication Year :
- 2006
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2006.
-
Abstract
- Salvia divinorum is a widespread hallucinogenic herb traditionally employed for divination, as well as a medicament for several disorders including disturbances of gastrointestinal motility. In the present study we evaluated the effect of a standardized extract from the leaves of S. divinorum (SDE) on enteric cholinergic transmission in the guinea-pig ileum. SDE reduced electrically evoked contractions without modifying the contractions elicited by exogenous acetylcholine, thus suggesting a prejunctional site of action. The inhibitory effect of SDE on twitch response was abolished by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone and by the kappa-opioid antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, but not by naltrindole (a delta-opioid receptor antagonist), CTOP (a mu-opioid receptor antagonist), thioperamide (a H(3) receptor antagonist), yohimbine (an alpha(2)-receptor antagonist), methysergide (a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (an inhibitor of NO synthase) or apamin (a blocker of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels). Salvinorin A, the main active ingredient of S. divinorum, inhibited in a nor-binaltorphimine- and naloxone-sensitive manner electrically induced contractions. It is concluded that SDE depressed enteric cholinergic transmission likely through activation of kappa-opioid receptors and this may provide the pharmacological basis underlying its traditional antidiarrhoeal use. Salvinorin A might be the chemical ingredient responsible for this activity.
- Subjects :
- Male
Physiology
medicine.drug_class
Guinea Pigs
Methysergide
Myenteric Plexus
(+)-Naloxone
In Vitro Techniques
Pharmacology
Synaptic Transmission
Enteric Nervous System
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
Diterpenes, Clerodane
chemistry.chemical_compound
Ileum
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Naltrindole
Opioid receptor
medicine
Animals
Drug Interactions
Salvia
Thioperamide
Plant Extracts
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Chemistry
Gastroenterology
Antagonist
Receptor antagonist
Acetylcholine
Electric Stimulation
Stimulation, Chemical
Salvinorin A
Hallucinogens
Diterpenes
Muscle Contraction
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13652982 and 13501925
- Volume :
- 18
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Neurogastroenterology and Motility
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....49128e9e8592d4cda0600bd5a62667e6