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The Promise and Pitfalls of Environmental DNA and RNA Approaches for the Monitoring of Human and Animal Pathogens from Aquatic Sources
- Source :
- Bioscience
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Novel forensics-inspired molecular approaches have revolutionized species detection in the wild and are particularly useful for tracing endangered or invasive species. These new environmental DNA or RNA (eDNA or eRNA)–based techniques are now being applied to human and animal pathogen surveillance, particularly in aquatic environments. They allow better disease monitoring (presence or absence and geographical spread) and understanding of pathogen occurrence and transmission, benefitting species conservation and, more recently, our understanding of the COVID-19 global human pandemic. In the present article, we summarize the benefits of eDNA-based monitoring, highlighted by two case studies: The first is a fibropapillomatosis tumor-associated herpesvirus (chelonid herpesvirus 5) driving a sea turtle panzootic, and the second relates to eRNA-based detection of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus driving the COVID-19 human pandemic. The limitations of eDNA- or eRNA-based approaches are also summarized, and future directions and recommendations of the field are discussed. Continuous eDNA- or eRNA-based monitoring programs can potentially improve human and animal health by predicting disease outbreaks in advance, facilitating proactive rather than reactive responses.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Fibropapillomatosis
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AcademicSubjects/SCI00010
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Endangered species
Disease
Computational biology
Biology
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
Pandemic
ChHV5
fibropapillomatosis
AcademicSubjects/SOC02100
Environmental DNA
Panzootic
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
SARS-CoV-2
pathogens
endangered species
environmental DNA
Overview Articles
environmental RNA
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15253244 and 00063568
- Volume :
- 71
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BioScience
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....478c3e2e49b3ed9f2d320f9694bb6dc9