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DNA vaccination induced protective immunity against SARS CoV-2 infection in hamsterss
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e0009374 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The development of efficient vaccines against COVID-19 is an emergent need for global public health. The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major target for the COVID-19 vaccine. To quickly respond to the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a nucleic acid-based vaccine is a novel option, beyond the traditional inactivated virus vaccine or recombinant protein vaccine. Here, we report a DNA vaccine containing the spike gene for delivery via electroporation. The spike genes of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were codon optimized for mammalian cell expression and then cloned into mammalian cell expression vectors, called pSARS-S and pSARS2-S, respectively. Spike protein expression was confirmed by immunoblotting after transient expression in HEK293T cells. After immunization, sera were collected for antigen-specific antibody and neutralizing antibody titer analyses. We found that both pSARS-S and pSARS2-S immunization induced similar levels of antibodies against S2 of SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, only pSARS2-S immunization induced antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. We further found that pSARS2-S immunization, but not pSARS-S immunization, could induce very high titers of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We further analyzed SARS-CoV-2 S protein-specific T cell responses and found that the immune responses were biased toward Th1. Importantly, pSARS2-S immunization in hamsters could induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in vivo. These data suggest that DNA vaccination could be a promising approach for protecting against COVID-19.<br />Author summary SARS-CoV-2 continues to threaten global health, and development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is an urgent priority to halt COVID-19 epidemic. Here, we developed DNA vaccines containing the spike gene from SARS-CoV-2 and delivered via electroporation. We observed that the DNA vaccine induced a long-lasting humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, and the elicited serum antibodies efficiently blocked the binding of SARS-CoV-2 RBD to its entry receptor (ACE2). Importantly, the DNA vaccine induced strong Th1-biased immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, which could provide protective effect with low side effects. Finally, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine conferred protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters. Our findings suggested that DNA vaccination could be a useful approach for controlling COVID-19 pandemic in near future.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
RNA viruses
Viral Diseases
Coronaviruses
Physiology
viruses
RC955-962
DNA vaccination
Biochemistry
law.invention
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Medical Conditions
law
Cricetinae
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Immune Physiology
Chlorocebus aethiops
Vaccines, DNA
Medicine and Health Sciences
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Neutralizing antibody
skin and connective tissue diseases
Immune Response
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Mammals
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Vaccines
Immune System Proteins
biology
Viral Vaccine
Eukaryota
Medical microbiology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Electroporation
Infectious Diseases
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Viruses
Vertebrates
Recombinant DNA
Hamsters
Vaccination and immunization
Antibody
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
SARS CoV 2
Pathogens
Plasmids
Research Article
SARS coronavirus
Infectious Disease Control
T cell
Immunology
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Rodents
Antibodies
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
Virology
medicine
Humans
Animals
Immunoassays
Vero Cells
Preventive medicine
Mesocricetus
Biology and life sciences
SARS-CoV-2
fungi
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Viral pathogens
COVID-19
Proteins
Covid 19
Viral Vaccines
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Microbial pathogens
Mice, Inbred C57BL
body regions
030104 developmental biology
HEK293 Cells
Public and occupational health
Immunization
Amniotes
biology.protein
Immunologic Techniques
Zoology
030215 immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19352735 and 19352727
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....476c19bceeb74b3b27efdcd15d310ab4