Anolis Daudin

Anolis (Daudin) Anolis (sensu lato) is the most specious genus among the reptiles, with circa 370 recognized species (Poe 2004). Within the genus two major groups of species called ���alpha��� and ���beta��� have been recognized (the latter composed of the subgenus Norops). Moreover, subgroups of species have also been defined within ���alpha��� and ���beta��� Anolis (Nicholson 2002). However, only few of these subgroups were supported by molecular analyses and many revealed ambiguous monophyletic status. For this reason, a well supported alternative classification is needed. A global phylogenetic analysis was assessed by Nicholson et al. (2005) in a molecular phylogenetic study including 189 species. Three geographically circumscribed clades were revealed [Cuba (Jamaica, and Mainland)]. The tree topology suggests a West Indian origin for mainland Norops. The typical karyotype of ���beta��� Anolis (Norops) consists of 14 macro- and 16 microchromosomes without obvious sex chromosome heteromorphism. Another frequently observed chromosome complement is 2 n = 40 with 24 macro- and 16 microchromosomes. Presence of sex chromosomes has been reported in ���alpha��� as well as in ���beta��� Anolis. Among ���beta��� Anolis a XY system has been reported in A. onca (2 n = 30) (Gorman 1969) and systems with two Xs and one Y (XXXX-XXY) have been reported in A. biporcatus and A. sagrei (both with 2 n = 29 for males and 2 n = 30 for females) (Gorman & Atkins 1966, 1968; De Smet 1981).
Published as part of Castiglia, Riccardo, Annesi, Flavia, Bezerra, Alexandra M. R., Garc��a, Andr��s & Flores-Villela, Oscar, 2010, Cytotaxonomy and DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 2508 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196005
{"references":["Poe, S. (2004) Phylogeny of anoles. Herpetological Monographs, 18, 37 - 89.","Nicholson, K. E. (2002) Phylogenetic analysis and a test of the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta Anolis). Herpetological Monographs, 16, 93 - 120.","Nicholson, K. E., Glor, R. E., Kolbe, J. J, Larson, A., Hedges, S. B. & Losos, J. B. (2005) Mainland colonization by island lizards. Journal of Biogeography, 32, 929 - 938.","Gorman, G. C. & Atkins, L. (1966) Chromosomal heteromorphism in some male lizards of the genus Anolis. American Naturalist, 100, 579 - 583.","Gorman, C. G. & Atkins, L. (1968) New karyotypic data of 16 species of Anolis (Sauria: Iguanidae) from Cuba, Jamaica, and Cayman Islands. Herpetologica, 24, 13 - 21.","De Smet, W. H. O. (1981) Description of the orcein stained karyotypes of 27 lizard species (Lacertilia, Reptilia) belonging to the families Teiidae, Scincidae, Lacertidae, Cordylidae and Varanidae (Autarchoglossa), Acta Zoologica et Pathologica Antverpiensia, 76, 73 - 118."]}