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M-Sec facilitates intercellular transmission of HIV-1 through multiple mechanisms
M-Sec facilitates intercellular transmission of HIV-1 through multiple mechanisms
- Source :
- Retrovirology, Retrovirology, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background HIV-1 promotes the formation of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) that connect distant cells, aiding cell-to-cell viral transmission between macrophages. Our recent study suggests that the cellular protein M-Sec plays a role in these processes. However, the timing, mechanism, and to what extent M-Sec contributes to HIV-1 transmission is not fully understood, and the lack of a cell line model that mimics macrophages has hindered in-depth analysis. Results We found that HIV-1 increased the number, length and thickness of TNTs in a manner dependent on its pathogenic protein Nef and M-Sec in U87 cells, as observed in macrophages. In addition, we found that M-Sec was required not only for TNT formation but also motility of U87 cells, both of which are beneficial for viral transmission. In fact, M-Sec knockdown in U87 cells led to a significantly delayed viral production in both cellular and extracellular fractions. This inhibition was observed for wild-type virus, but not for a mutant virus lacking Nef, which is known to promote not only TNT formation but also migration of infected macrophages. Conclusions By taking advantage of useful features of U87 cells, we provided evidence that M-Sec mediates a rapid and efficient cell–cell transmission of HIV-1 at an early phase of infection by enhancing both TNT formation and cell motility.
- Subjects :
- lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Mutant
Motility
Cell motility
Virus
Cell Line
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cell Movement
Virology
Extracellular
Humans
nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Gene knockdown
biology
Chemistry
Research
Macrophages
M-sec
Cell biology
Intercellular Junctions
Infectious Diseases
Cell culture
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Mutation
HIV-1
biology.protein
Cytokines
Antibody
lcsh:RC581-607
Tunneling nanotubes
Intracellular
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17424690
- Volume :
- 17
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Retrovirology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....468fec2a7fd0b7705c4efaade361467f
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-020-00528-y